Medeiros Eudes Leonnan G, Braz Ana Letícia, Porto Isaque Jerônimo, Menner Angelika, Bismarck Alexander, Boccaccini Aldo R, Lepry William C, Nazhat Showan N, Medeiros Eliton S, Blaker Jonny J
Materials and Biosystems Laboratory (LAMAB), Department of Materials Engineering (DEMat), Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), CEP58051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2016 Sep 12;2(9):1442-1449. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00072. Epub 2016 Aug 11.
There is increasing focus on the development of bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine that mimic the native nanofibrillar extracellular matrix. Solution blow spinning (SBS) is a rapid, simple technique that produces nanofibers with open fiber networks for enhanced cell infiltration. In this work, highly porous bioactive fibers were produced by combining SBS with thermally induced phase separation. Fibers composed of poly(d,l-lactide) (PLA) and dimethyl carbonate were sprayed directly into a cryogenic environment and subsequently lyophilized, rendering them highly porous. The surface areas of the porous fibers were an order of magnitude higher in comparison with smooth control fibers of the same diameter (43.5 m·g for porous fibers produced from 15% w/v PLA in dimethyl carbonate) and exhibited elongated surface pores. Macroporous scaffolds were produced by spraying water droplets simultaneously with fiber formation, creating a network of fibers and ice microspheres, which act as in situ macroporosifiers. Subsequent lyophilization resulted in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds formed of porous nanofibers with interconnected macropores due to the presence of the ice spheres. Nanobioactive glass was incorporated for the production of 3D macroporous, bioactive, therapeutic-ion-releasing scaffolds with potential applications in non-load-bearing bone tissue engineering. The bioactive characteristics of the fibers were assessed in vitro through immersion in simulated body fluid. The release of soluble silica ions was faster for the porous fibers within the first 24 h, with confirmation of hydroxyapatite on the fiber surface within 84 h.
对于组织工程和再生医学中模仿天然纳米纤维细胞外基质的生物活性支架的开发，人们的关注日益增加。溶液吹纺（SBS）是一种快速、简单的技术，可生产具有开放纤维网络的纳米纤维，以增强细胞浸润。在这项工作中，通过将SBS与热致相分离相结合，制备了高度多孔的生物活性纤维。将由聚（d，l-丙交酯）（PLA）和碳酸二甲酯组成的纤维直接喷入低温环境，随后进行冻干，使其具有高度多孔性。与相同直径的光滑对照纤维相比，多孔纤维的表面积高出一个数量级（由15% w/v PLA在碳酸二甲酯中制成的多孔纤维为43.5 m²·g⁻¹），并且呈现出细长的表面孔隙。通过在形成纤维的同时喷洒水滴来制备大孔支架，形成纤维和冰微球的网络，冰微球充当原位大孔形成剂。随后的冻干导致形成三维（3D）支架，由于冰球的存在，该支架由具有相互连接的大孔的多孔纳米纤维组成。引入纳米生物活性玻璃以生产具有潜在应用于非承重骨组织工程的3D大孔、生物活性、治疗离子释放支架。通过将纤维浸入模拟体液中来体外评估纤维的生物活性特征。多孔纤维在最初24小时内可溶性二氧化硅离子的释放更快，在84小时内纤维表面有羟基磷灰石形成得到证实。
