Perspectives of people accompanying a person during voluntary stopping eating and drinking: a convergent mixed methods study.

BACKGROUND

Voluntary stopping eating and drinking (VSED) is an option for people wishing to bring about premature death. In Switzerland, VSED is considered a controversial action at the end of life in the guidelines for "Management of dying and death," which states that the decision to support or oppose VSED must be made individually by health care professionals; so far there are no instructions for action. The aim of this research was to explore the experiences of people who play an important role in VSED accompaniment, and to explain how the people involved in the process deal with VSED.

METHODS

This convergent mixed methods study included a national survey (n=1,681) and five focus group interviews (n=47). Data integration was conducted using the four-stage pillar integration process.

RESULTS

Given Swiss society interest, VSED has already established itself in the health system without the institutions having addressed the issue, whereupon health professionals make individual decisions when a person willing to die comes to them with a VSED wish. Health professionals are open to VSED, but are also ambivalent and would like to know more about it before being confronted with a VSED case.

CONCLUSIONS

In Switzerland, VSED has become a rare but desired option for ending life prematurely. While health professionals are already being confronted with the phenomenon, there is a lack of discussion at the level of health institutions about how to deal with it.