Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Brazil.
Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 13;11(1):1097. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80026-5.
Droughts are complex natural phenomena that influence society's development in different aspects; therefore, monitoring their behavior and future trends is a useful task to assist the management of natural resources. In addition, the use of satellite-estimated rainfall data emerges as a promising tool to monitor these phenomena in large spatial domains. The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) products have been validated in several studies and stand out among the available products. Therefore, this work seeks to evaluate TRMM-estimated rainfall data's performance for monitoring the behavior and spatiotemporal trends of meteorological droughts over Paraíba State, based on the standardized precipitation index (SPI) from 1998 to 2017. Then, 78 rain gauge-measured and 187 TRMM-estimated rainfall time series were used, and trends of drought behavior, duration, and severity at eight time scales were evaluated using the Mann-Kendall and Sen tests. The results show that the TRMM-estimated rainfall data accurately captured the pattern of recent extreme rainfall events that occurred over Paraíba State. Drought events tend to be drier, longer-lasting, and more severe in most of the state. The greatest inconsistencies between the results obtained from rain gauge-measured and TRMM-estimated rainfall data are concentrated in the area closest to the coast. Furthermore, long-term drought trends are more pronounced than short-term drought, and the TRMM-estimated rainfall data correctly identified this pattern. Thus, TRMM-estimated rainfall data are a valuable source of data for identifying drought behavior and trends over much of the region.
干旱是复杂的自然现象，会在不同方面影响社会的发展；因此，监测其行为和未来趋势是一项有用的任务，可以协助管理自然资源。此外，利用卫星估计的降雨量数据成为监测大空间域内这些现象的一种很有前途的工具。热带降雨测量任务（TRMM）产品已经在多项研究中得到验证，在可用产品中脱颖而出。因此，这项工作旨在评估 TRMM 估计的降雨量数据在监测 1998 年至 2017 年期间帕拉伊巴州气象干旱行为和时空趋势方面的性能，基于标准化降水指数（SPI）。然后，使用了 78 个雨量计测量和 187 个 TRMM 估计的降雨量时间序列，并使用 Mann-Kendall 和 Sen 检验评估了八个时间尺度上干旱行为、持续时间和严重程度的趋势。结果表明，TRMM 估计的降雨量数据准确地捕捉了帕拉伊巴州近期极端降雨事件的模式。干旱事件在该州大部分地区往往更为干燥、持续时间更长且更为严重。雨量计测量和 TRMM 估计的降雨量数据之间最大的不一致集中在靠近海岸的地区。此外，长期干旱趋势比短期干旱趋势更为明显，TRMM 估计的降雨量数据正确地识别了这种模式。因此，TRMM 估计的降雨量数据是识别该地区大部分地区干旱行为和趋势的有价值的数据来源。
