Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, OH.
Dermatitis. 2021;32(2):94-100. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000643.
Carmine is a natural red dye that may cause allergic contact dermatitis.
The aim of this study was to analyze patch test reactions to carmine (2.5% in petrolatum) and characterize carmine-positive patients.
This study conducted a retrospective analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group data compiled between 2011 and 2012.
Of 4240 patients patch tested to carmine, 132 (3.1%) had reactions with a final interpretation of "allergic" (positive). Carmine-positive patients were significantly more likely to be female (77.7% vs 68.3%; P = 0.0237) and have a final primary diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis (74.8% vs 47.2%; P < 0.0001). As compared with carmine-negative patients, carmine-positive patients were significantly more likely to have involvement of all facial sites combined (48.1% vs 29.9%; P < 0.0001) and the lips (7.6% vs 3.6%; P = 0.0166). At final reading, most carmine reactions were weak (+; 64.9%). Approximately half (53.4%) were currently clinically relevant; identified sources were primarily personal care products (77.1%), especially makeup (31.4%) and lip products (8.6%).
Weak patch test reactions to carmine should be interpreted with caution. Allergic contact dermatitis to carmine should be suspected in women with facial and/or lip dermatitis, especially those using carmine-containing cosmetics.
胭脂红是一种天然红色染料，可能引起过敏接触性皮炎。
本研究旨在分析胭脂红（2.5%凡士林）斑贴试验反应，并对胭脂红阳性患者进行特征分析。
本研究对 2011 年至 2012 年期间北美接触性皮炎组数据进行回顾性分析。
在 4240 例接受胭脂红斑贴试验的患者中，132 例（3.1%）出现“过敏”（阳性）的最终解读。胭脂红阳性患者中女性（77.7%比 68.3%；P=0.0237）和最终原发性诊断为过敏性接触性皮炎（74.8%比 47.2%；P<0.0001）的比例明显更高。与胭脂红阴性患者相比，胭脂红阳性患者所有面部部位（48.1%比 29.9%；P<0.0001）和唇部（7.6%比 3.6%；P=0.0166）受累的可能性明显更高。在最终读片时，大多数胭脂红反应为弱阳性（+；64.9%）。大约一半（53.4%）目前具有临床相关性；确定的来源主要是个人护理产品（77.1%），尤其是化妆品（31.4%）和唇部产品（8.6%）。
对胭脂红的弱阳性斑贴试验反应应谨慎解读。对女性面部和/或唇部皮炎，特别是使用含胭脂红化妆品的患者，应怀疑其对胭脂红发生过敏接触性皮炎。
