Texas Aging & Longevity Center.
Department of Gerontology.
Psychol Aging. 2021 May;36(3):383-393. doi: 10.1037/pag0000507. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
To what extent self-perceptions of aging and their correlates in later life may be gendered remains relatively unexplored. In particular, little is known about how changes in the health and spousal relationship quality over time contribute to self-perceptions of aging among married men and women. To clarify these links, we analyzed panel data from the (2008-2016) on married individuals aged 65 years and older ( = 2,623) using within-between random effects models. Findings showed no gender difference in self-perceptions of aging at baseline and in the rate of change, and poorer health and spousal relationship quality were generally associated with less positive self-perceptions of aging. However, men and women differed in how within-person changes in health and spousal relationship quality were associated with their self-perceptions of aging. Increases in spousal strain and chronic conditions were associated with less positive self-perceptions of aging on that wave for men, whereas increases in functional limitations were associated with less positive self-perceptions of aging on that wave for women. Finally, a person-mean of spousal strain had a moderating effect for men, such that men with more overall spousal strain reported less positive self-perceptions of aging across a range of chronic conditions, compared to the men with less overall spousal strain. Findings highlight the intersection of social resources, health, and self-perceptions of aging, suggesting that gender differences in older adults' self-perceptions of aging are contextualized by different behaviors and social experiences among married men and women. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
在多大程度上，晚年的自我认知及其相关性可能具有性别差异，这方面的研究还相对较少。特别是，人们对于随着时间的推移，健康和婚姻关系质量的变化如何影响已婚男女的自我认知老化知之甚少。为了澄清这些联系，我们使用了within-between 随机效应模型，分析了 （2008-2016）年关于 65 岁及以上已婚个体的面板数据（n = 2623）。研究结果显示，在基线和变化率上，自我认知老化方面没有性别差异，健康状况和婚姻关系质量较差通常与自我认知老化的积极性较低有关。然而，男性和女性在健康和婚姻关系质量的个体内变化与自我认知老化之间的关系上存在差异。对于男性来说，配偶压力和慢性疾病的增加与该波次的自我认知老化呈负相关，而对于女性来说，功能限制的增加与该波次的自我认知老化呈负相关。最后，配偶压力的个体平均值对男性有调节作用，与配偶压力较小的男性相比，配偶压力较大的男性在一系列慢性疾病中报告的自我认知老化更为消极。研究结果强调了社会资源、健康和自我认知老化之间的交集，表明老年男性和女性的自我认知老化存在性别差异，这是由已婚男性和女性的不同行为和社会经验所决定的。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
