婚姻变迁如何影响自我老龄化认知？
How Do Marital Transitions Affect Self-Perceptions of Aging?
机构信息
School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, 2694Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
出版信息
Res Aging. 2023 Mar;45(3-4):374-384. doi: 10.1177/01640275221113219. Epub 2022 Jul 9.
OBJECTIVES
We analyzed whether marital status and experiences of marital loss or gain were associated with self-perceptions of aging (SPA), a major psychosocial mechanism of healthy aging.
METHOD
We used data from 7028 participants of the Health and Retirement Study. Participants reported their marital status and their positive and negative SPA on two occasions 4 years apart. We ran general linear models to analyze differences in SPA between men and women who remained married, became divorced or widowed, or remarried following divorce or widowhood.
RESULTS
Participants who experienced marital loss had lower positive SPA than participants who remained marred. Participants who experienced marital gain had lower negative SPA than participants who remained married. None of the associations differed between men and women.
DISCUSSION
Results suggest that it may not be marital status itself, but rather the transition into or out of marriage, that impacts how people appraise their own aging.
目的
我们分析了婚姻状况以及婚姻得失经历是否与自我年龄认知（SPA）有关，后者是健康老龄化的一个主要心理社会机制。
方法
我们使用了健康与退休研究中 7028 名参与者的数据。参与者在相隔 4 年的两次调查中报告了他们的婚姻状况以及他们的积极 SPA 和消极 SPA。我们采用一般线性模型分析了在离婚或丧偶后保持已婚、离婚或丧偶以及再婚的男性和女性之间 SPA 的差异。
结果
经历婚姻丧失的参与者的积极 SPA 低于保持婚姻的参与者。经历婚姻获得的参与者的消极 SPA 低于保持婚姻的参与者。这些关联在男性和女性之间没有差异。
讨论
结果表明，可能影响人们评估自身衰老的不是婚姻状况本身，而是进入或退出婚姻的过程。
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