School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.
Physiotherapy Department, Midland Public Hospital, Western Australia.
Phys Ther. 2021 Mar 3;101(3). doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzab007.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sagittal neck sitting posture subgroup membership in late adolescence was a risk factor for persistent neck pain (PNP) in young adults.
There were 686 participants enrolled in the Raine Study at the 17- and 22-year follow-ups. At 17 years of age, posture was measured by photographs, and 4 subgroups of sitting neck posture were determined by cluster analysis. Height and weight were measured, and exercise frequency, depression, and PNP were assessed by questionnaire. At 22 years of age, participants answered questions about neck pain and occupation type. Logistic regression examined if neck posture subgroups at 17 years of age were a risk factor for PNP at 22 years of age, taking into account other factors.
Female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.16-2.65) and PNP at 17 years of age (OR = 3.78, 95% CI = 2.57-5.57) were associated with PNP at 22 years of age. In females, neck posture subgroup at 17 years of age was a risk factor for PNP at 22 years of age. Compared with the upright subgroup, both the slumped thorax/forward head subgroup groups and the intermediate subgroup had decreased odds for PNP at 22 years of age (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.08-0.76; OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.15-0.99, respectively). No association was found in males.
After taking into account PNP at 17 years, sitting neck posture at 17 was not a risk factor for PNP at 22 years of age in males, whereas in females, more relaxed postures (slumped thorax/forward head and Intermediate postures) were protective of neck pain compared with upright posture.
Females in late adolescence who sat in slumped thorax/forward head or intermediate posture rather than upright sitting posture had a lower risk of PNP as a young adult. The practice of generic public health messages to sit up straight to prevent neck pain needs rethinking.
本研究旨在确定青少年后期矢状位颈椎坐姿亚组是否是年轻人持续性颈部疼痛（PNP）的危险因素。
共有 686 名参与者参加了 Raine 研究的 17 岁和 22 岁随访。17 岁时，通过照片测量姿势，通过聚类分析确定 4 个坐姿颈椎姿势亚组。通过问卷调查测量身高和体重，评估运动频率、抑郁和 PNP。22 岁时，参与者回答有关颈部疼痛和职业类型的问题。逻辑回归检查 17 岁时的颈椎姿势亚组是否是 22 岁时 PNP 的危险因素，同时考虑其他因素。
女性（比值比[OR] = 1.75，95%置信区间[CI] = 1.16-2.65）和 17 岁时的 PNP（OR = 3.78，95% CI = 2.57-5.57）与 22 岁时的 PNP 相关。在女性中，17 岁时的颈椎姿势亚组是 22 岁时 PNP 的危险因素。与直立亚组相比，17 岁时的 slumped thorax/forward head 亚组和中间亚组发生 PNP 的几率降低（OR = 0.24，95% CI = 0.08-0.76；OR = 0.38，95% CI = 0.15-0.99）。在男性中未发现相关性。
考虑到 17 岁时的 PNP，17 岁时的坐姿颈椎姿势在男性中不是 22 岁时 PNP 的危险因素，而在女性中，与直立姿势相比，更放松的姿势（ slumped thorax/forward head 和中间姿势）可预防颈部疼痛。
青少年后期喜欢 slumped thorax/forward head 或中间姿势而不是笔直坐姿的女性，成年后发生 PNP 的风险较低。预防颈部疼痛的通用公共健康信息需要重新考虑。
