Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia.
Hospital for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Chronic Lung Diseases and Extended Hospital Treatment in Sežana, Sežana, Slovenia.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 24;19(10):e0305578. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305578. eCollection 2024.
Students spend a considerable amount of time in school. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and the association between the pain and suitability of school furniture and daily activities among primary school and university students. A total of 238 primary and university students participated in the study. The adapted Nordic questionnaire was used to assess pain prevalence, the BackPEI questionnaire was used to assess school-related factors, and student furniture mismatch calculations were performed to determine the anthropometric suitability of school furniture. Most students did not have a proper body posture while sitting, did not lift objects properly, and used TV and computer frequently. A high student-furniture mismatch was found for seat and desk height. The neck, lower back, shoulders, and upper back were the most affected body parts. Our study confirmed that musculoskeletal pain occurs in primary school students and increases with age, especially lower back pain. Proper backpack wearing was found to be an important factor in alleviating neck pain. Students who sat or lifted objects properly were more likely to report upper back pain, and students whose backrest height was appropriate were more likely to report lower back pain. Further efforts should be made to establish a comparable study protocol using objective methods to obtain more valid and reliable data to study school-related risk factors for musculoskeletal pain in students using prospective study protocols.
学生在学校花费了相当多的时间。本研究旨在确定中小学生肌肉骨骼疼痛的流行率,以及疼痛与学校家具和日常活动的适宜性之间的关系。共有 238 名小学生和大学生参加了这项研究。使用改编的北欧问卷评估疼痛的流行率,使用背部疲劳指数问卷评估与学校相关的因素,并进行学生家具不匹配计算以确定学校家具的人体工程学适宜性。大多数学生在坐姿时没有正确的姿势,没有正确地提起物体,并且经常看电视和使用电脑。发现座椅和桌子高度的学生与家具不匹配程度较高。颈部、下背部、肩部和上背部是最易受影响的身体部位。我们的研究证实,肌肉骨骼疼痛发生在小学生中,并随着年龄的增长而增加,尤其是下背部疼痛。正确佩戴背包被发现是缓解颈部疼痛的重要因素。坐姿或提物正确的学生更有可能报告上背部疼痛,而靠背高度合适的学生更有可能报告下背部疼痛。应该进一步努力制定使用客观方法的可比研究方案,以获得更有效和可靠的数据,使用前瞻性研究方案研究与学生相关的肌肉骨骼疼痛的学校相关风险因素。