College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
Exp Parasitol. 2021 Mar;222:108066. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108066. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Fasciolosis in ruminants is a relentless constraint in the livestock industry across the world. Immuno-prophylactic vaccines against fasciolosis may not come up in near future, rendering the control of this scourge with chemotherapy and snail population control. With the alarming threats of anti-fasciolid drug resistance reported from certain parts of the world; the control of fasciolosis should be directed towards the development of rapid and reliable diagnostic tools to execute the specific and discrete treatment. Understanding the epidemiology of Fasciola, its genomics and proteomics, host-parasite interplay, and advances in drug design research is vital for improving animal health that would ultimately succour to meet the ever-increasing demand for food. Due to possible differences in immune response depending on the species of the host and parasite, immuno-prophylactic studies in India should aim at achieving protective efficacy in buffalo against F. gigantica as workers from other countries concentrate primarily on vaccination of cattle and sheep against F. hepatica. This manuscript focused on the research that has been carried out in India for understanding the epidemiology, genetic diversity, immuno-diagnosis, and possible control measure in terms of immuno-prophylaxis and drug designing against tropical fasciolosis caused by Fasciola gigantica.
反刍动物的片形吸虫病是全球畜牧业面临的一个严峻挑战。在可预见的未来，针对片形吸虫病的免疫预防疫苗可能不会问世，因此，我们只能依靠化疗和控制蜗牛种群来控制这种寄生虫病。由于世界某些地区已经报告了抗片形吸虫药物耐药性的惊人威胁，因此，片形吸虫病的防治应侧重于开发快速可靠的诊断工具，以进行具体和明确的治疗。了解片形吸虫的流行病学、基因组学和蛋白质组学、宿主-寄生虫相互作用以及药物设计研究的进展，对于改善动物健康至关重要，这最终将有助于满足不断增长的食品需求。由于宿主和寄生虫的物种不同，免疫反应可能存在差异，因此，印度的免疫预防研究应旨在实现水牛对巨型片形吸虫的保护效力，因为来自其他国家的研究人员主要集中在针对牛和羊的肝片形吸虫疫苗接种上。本文重点介绍了在印度开展的研究，以了解由巨型片形吸虫引起的热带片形吸虫病的流行病学、遗传多样性、免疫诊断以及在免疫预防和药物设计方面的可能控制措施。
