Rapti Georgia
European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Unit of Developmental Biology, Heidelberg, Germany.
J Neurogenet. 2020 Sep-Dec;34(3-4):259-272. doi: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1837799.
The formation of the nervous system and its striking complexity is a remarkable feat of development. served as a unique model to dissect the molecular events in neurodevelopment, from its early visionaries to the current booming neuroscience community. Soon after being introduced as a model, was mapped at the level of genes, cells, and synapses, providing the first metazoan with a complete cell lineage, sequenced genome, and connectome. Here, I summarize mechanisms underlying neurodevelopment, from the generation and diversification of neural components to their navigation and connectivity. I point out recent noteworthy findings in the fields of glia biology, sex dimorphism and plasticity in neurodevelopment, highlighting how current research connects back to the pioneering studies by Brenner, Sulston and colleagues. Multifaceted investigations in model organisms, connecting genes to cell function and behavior, expand our mechanistic understanding of neurodevelopment while allowing us to formulate emerging questions for future discoveries.
神经系统的形成及其惊人的复杂性是发育过程中的一项非凡成就。从早期的先驱者到如今蓬勃发展的神经科学界，它一直是剖析神经发育分子事件的独特模型。作为模型被引入后不久，它就在基因、细胞和突触水平上被绘制出来，成为首个拥有完整细胞谱系、测序基因组和连接组的后生动物。在此，我总结了其神经发育的潜在机制，从神经成分的产生和多样化到它们的导航与连接。我指出了胶质细胞生物学、神经发育中的性别二态性和可塑性领域最近的重要发现，强调了当前研究如何与布伦纳、萨尔斯顿及其同事的开创性研究相联系。对模式生物的多方面研究，将基因与细胞功能及行为联系起来，扩展了我们对神经发育机制的理解，同时让我们能够提出新出现的问题以供未来探索。
