Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Postgraduate Program in Public Health - Curitiba, Rua Padre Camargo, 280 - Alto da Glória, Curitiba, PR 80060-240, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Postgraduate Program in Public Health - Curitiba, Rua Padre Camargo, 280 - Alto da Glória, Curitiba, PR 80060-240, Brazil.
Vaccine. 2021 Feb 5;39(6):976-983. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.056. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Pertussis is a globally distributed infectious disease that is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in infants who are too young to be immunized. This disease is common in childhood, and when it occurs during the first few months of life, it leads to hospitalization and, sometimes, death. Brazil has adopted the strategy of maternal immunization against pertussis in late 2014. This study aims to analyze public data on the disease to determine whether there was an impact on the disease burden following the introduction of the vaccine Tdap in pregnant women and its magnitude. We performed a time-series analysis of the incidence of pertussis between October 2010 and January 2019. We stratified the population of interest into three groups: infants aged less than two months old, infants aged two to six months, and infants aged six months to one year, according to Brazil's vaccination schedule. We found a protective effect of maternal vaccination in all age groups, more prominent on the first group. Before the intervention, infants under two months had a higher risk of getting pertussis in comparison with infants two to six months old (HR 1.15, CI 95%: 1.11-1.19). After the intervention, age under two months is a protective factor compared with two to six months (HR 0.90, CI 95%: 0.82-0.98). The pertussis incidence reduced in all age groups and all Brazil's Regions.
百日咳是一种分布于全球的传染病，是发病率和死亡率的重要原因，特别是在年幼且无法接种疫苗的婴儿中。这种疾病在儿童中很常见，当它发生在生命的头几个月时，它会导致住院治疗，有时甚至导致死亡。巴西于 2014 年底采用了针对百日咳的母亲免疫策略。本研究旨在分析该疾病的公共数据，以确定在孕妇中引入 Tdap 疫苗后对疾病负担的影响及其程度。我们对 2010 年 10 月至 2019 年 1 月期间百日咳的发病率进行了时间序列分析。我们根据巴西的疫苗接种时间表，将目标人群分为三组：不到两个月大的婴儿、两个月至六个月大的婴儿和六个月至一岁的婴儿。我们发现，母亲接种疫苗对所有年龄组都有保护作用，对第一组的作用更为明显。在干预之前，两个月以下的婴儿患百日咳的风险高于两个月至六个月的婴儿（HR 1.15，95%CI：1.11-1.19）。干预后，两个月以下的年龄与两个月至六个月的年龄相比是一个保护因素（HR 0.90，95%CI：0.82-0.98）。所有年龄组和巴西所有地区的百日咳发病率都有所下降。
