Department of Anatomy, JSS Medical College, JSS AHER, 570015, Mysuru, India.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 14;11(1):1448. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80555-z.
Pulsations of the dorsalis pedis artery are commonly used to evaluate the peripheral arterial diseases like thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) or Buerger's disease, in lower limbs. Dorsalis pedis artery is a direct extension from the anterior tibial artery and major vascular supply for the dorsum of the foot. But arterial variations in lower limbs are common due to rich distal anastomoses around the ankle joint. Absence of dorsalis pedis arterial pulse does not indicate peripheral arterial disease always as it is sometimes replaced by the enlarged perforating branch of peroneal artery, it may be absent or very thin, deviate laterally on the dorsum of foot. Aim of the present study is to observe the variations in origin, course and branching pattern of dorsalis pedis artery because of its clinical significance. During routine dissection of lower limbs for undergraduates we came across rare variations in the dorsalis pedis artery in its origin, course and branching pattern. Normal anatomic description was found in 27 limbs. In 13 specimens we noted variations, includes bilateral anomalous origin of dorsalis pedis artery, bilateral lateral deviation of dorsalis pedis artery, double dorsalis pedis artery, trifurcation of dorsalis pedis artery and absence of arcuate artery. Knowledge about the arterial variations around the ankle is important to orthopaedic, vascular surgeons and radiologists to prevent complications during surgical interventions.
足背动脉搏动通常用于评估下肢血栓性动脉炎（TAO）或伯格氏病等外周动脉疾病。足背动脉是胫前动脉的直接延伸，是足背的主要血管供应。但由于踝关节周围有丰富的远端吻合，下肢的动脉变异很常见。足背动脉脉搏缺失并不总是表明存在外周动脉疾病，因为它有时会被增大的腓动脉穿支取代，它可能缺失或非常细，在足背外侧偏斜。本研究的目的是观察足背动脉的起源、走行和分支模式的变异，因为它具有临床意义。在为本科生进行下肢常规解剖时，我们在足背动脉的起源、走行和分支模式上发现了罕见的变异。在 27 条肢体中发现了正常的解剖描述。在 13 个标本中，我们注意到了一些变异，包括足背动脉双侧异常起源、足背动脉双侧外侧偏离、双重足背动脉、足背动脉三分叉和弓状动脉缺失。了解踝关节周围的动脉变异对矫形外科医生、血管外科医生和放射科医生很重要，以防止手术干预期间发生并发症。
