School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Oct 28;37:187. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.37.187.26289. eCollection 2020.
major external structural birth defects are typical and have been associated with childhood morbidity, mortality and lifelong resource-intensive disabilities. These defects continue to occur; however, they are yet to be recognized as public health problems in Kenya. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of major external structural birth defects in Kiambu County in Kenya, 2014-2018.
a cross-sectional study design was adopted; a retrospective review of medical records was conducted between 2014 and 2018 abstracting 873 birth defects. Following a predetermined inclusion criterion, a five-year prevalence numerator of 362 cases was determined, whereas, a five-year prevalence denominator of 299,854 cases of registered live-births was obtained from the birth registrar. Annual prevalence estimates of 29 sub-groups and 6 groups of these defects were calculated as the number of cases (numerator) divided by the number of live-births (denominator). Associated 95% binomial exact confidence intervals were also computed and expressed per 100,000 live-births.
defects of the musculoskeletal system, the central nervous system, orofacial, genital organs, eye and anus were observed. Defects of the musculoskeletal system were the most prevalent, ranging from 22.98 (95% CI: 11.87-40.13) to 116.9 (95% CI: 92.98-145.08) per 100,000 live-births. Defects of the central nervous system followed ranging between 13.40 (95% CI: 5.39-27.61) and 32.79 (95% CI: 20.79-49.19) per 100,000 live-births.
despite musculoskeletal system defects being the most common group, hypospadias; a defect of the male genital organ was the most prevalent among the sub-group of these defects.
主要的外部结构出生缺陷是典型的，与儿童发病率、死亡率和终生资源密集型残疾有关。这些缺陷仍在发生；然而，它们尚未被认为是肯尼亚的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是估计 2014-2018 年肯尼亚基安布县主要外部结构出生缺陷的患病率。
采用横断面研究设计；对 2014 年至 2018 年的医疗记录进行回顾性审查，共提取 873 例出生缺陷。根据预先确定的纳入标准，确定了 362 例病例作为五年患病率的分子，而从出生登记处获得了 299854 例已登记的活产作为五年患病率的分母。计算了 29 个子组和 6 组缺陷的年度患病率估计值，方法是将病例数（分子）除以活产数（分母）。还计算了相关的 95%二项式精确置信区间，并以每 10 万活产表示。
观察到肌肉骨骼系统、中枢神经系统、口面、生殖器官、眼睛和肛门缺陷。肌肉骨骼系统的缺陷最为常见，范围从每 10 万活产 22.98（95%CI：11.87-40.13）到 116.9（95%CI：92.98-145.08）。中枢神经系统的缺陷紧随其后，每 10 万活产介于 13.40（95%CI：5.39-27.61）和 32.79（95%CI：20.79-49.19）之间。
尽管肌肉骨骼系统缺陷是最常见的组，但男性生殖器缺陷的尿道下裂是这些缺陷子组中最常见的。
