Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Basic Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
F1000Res. 2020 Dec 14;9:1452. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.27999.2. eCollection 2020.
Oral melanoacanthoma is not common. It occurs mostly on the buccal mucosa. Since it happens suddenly and progresses rapidly, it clinically resembles melanoma. Melanoacanthoma occurs in regions susceptible to trauma. The clinical presentation of the lesion is not enough to diagnose it; therefore, tissue biopsy is necessary to exclude malignancy. We report a case of oral melanoacanthoma in a rare mucosal location in a 21-year old female patient in whom generalized gingival melanoacanthoma was related to the use of the teeth whitening strips. This irritating factor increased melanocyte activity in the gingival tissues and labial mucosa. Oral melanoacanthoma is a rarely encountered pigmented lesion in the oral cavity and is especially uncommon in the gingiva. It is a reactive lesion affecting the mucous membranes with no risk of malignant transformation. This case report shows that teeth whitening strips may trigger oral melanoacanthoma in susceptible individuals. Long-term irritation of the oral tissues may increase the number of dendritic melanocytes throughout the epithelium and accordingly increase the brown pigmentation of the oral cavity. Eliminating all possible local sources of irritation and ruling out other causative factors are the standard first step in the treatment of oral melanoacanthoma. This case shows the importance of including oral melanoacanthoma in the differential diagnosis of diffuse gingival pigmented lesions.
口腔黑棘皮病并不常见。它主要发生在颊黏膜上。由于它突然发生且进展迅速，临床上类似于黑色素瘤。黑棘皮病发生在易受创伤的部位。病变的临床表现不足以诊断，因此需要进行组织活检以排除恶性肿瘤。我们报告了一例 21 岁女性患者口腔黑棘皮病的罕见黏膜部位病例，该患者全口牙龈黑棘皮病与使用牙齿美白贴片有关。这种刺激性因素增加了牙龈组织和唇黏膜中黑素细胞的活性。口腔黑棘皮病是口腔中一种罕见的色素性病变，尤其在牙龈中更为罕见。它是一种影响黏膜的反应性病变，没有恶变的风险。本病例报告表明，牙齿美白贴片可能会在易感个体中引发口腔黑棘皮病。口腔组织的长期刺激可能会增加整个上皮层中树突状黑素细胞的数量，并相应增加口腔的棕色色素沉着。消除所有可能的局部刺激源并排除其他致病因素是治疗口腔黑棘皮病的标准第一步。本病例表明，在鉴别诊断弥漫性牙龈色素沉着病变时，将口腔黑棘皮病纳入鉴别诊断非常重要。
