Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Medical Department, Khamis Mushayt General Hospital, Khamis Mushayt, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Feb;75(2):e13667. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.13667. Epub 2020 Sep 9.
Community acquired pneumonia is a commonly presenting respiratory tract infection around the world. Its treatment is problematic at times because of diversity of infecting organisms and change in susceptibility pattern to commonly prescribed antimicrobials.
This was a single centred prospective cross sectional study. About 165 patients diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia were included and blood samples, sputum samples were taken for culture sensitivity and antimicrobial susceptibility.
Of the 165 patients (43% males and 57% females), 77 (46.6%) patients tested positive for bacterial pathogens out of a total of 165. The most common pathogen was Streptococcus pneumonia (34%) followed on by Hemophilus influenza (16%), Staphylococcus aureus (13%) Klebsiella (12%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10%), Legionella (6%), Eschericha coli (5%) and Proteus mirabilis (2%). The sensitivity pattern of all 77 bacterial isolates was high for cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, 81%; ceftazidime, 80%), penicillins (amoxicillin/sulbactam, 70%), quinolones (levofloxacin, 74%) and aminoglycosides (amikacin, 80.5%). The sensitivity to macrolides (azithromycin, 59.7%; clarithromycin, 53.2%) and tetracycline's (55.8%) is somewhat intermediate and low for ampicillin (42.8%) and cotrimoxazole (51.9%).
The decreased susceptibility to macrolides and tetracyclines is a matter of concern and judicious use of antimicrobials should be done to prevent further rates of resistance.
社区获得性肺炎是一种常见的呼吸道感染，在世界各地都有发生。由于感染病原体的多样性和对抗生素敏感性模式的变化，其治疗有时会出现问题。
这是一项单中心前瞻性横断面研究。共纳入 165 例诊断为社区获得性肺炎的患者，采集血样和痰样进行培养和药敏试验。
在 165 例患者中（男性占 43%，女性占 57%），共有 77 例（46.6%）患者的细菌培养呈阳性。在所有 77 株细菌分离株中，头孢菌素（头孢曲松，81%；头孢他啶，80%）、青霉素类（阿莫西林/舒巴坦，70%）、喹诺酮类（左氧氟沙星，74%）和氨基糖苷类（阿米卡星，80.5%）的敏感性较高。大环内酯类（阿奇霉素，59.7%；克拉霉素，53.2%）和四环素类（55.8%）的敏感性中等偏低，而氨苄西林（42.8%）和复方磺胺甲噁唑（51.9%）的敏感性较低。
对大环内酯类和四环素类的敏感性降低令人担忧，应谨慎使用抗生素以防止耐药率进一步上升。
