Eckert Tobias, Stuhlmüller Nico C X, Sammüller Florian, Schmidt Matthias
Theoretische Physik II, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Dec 31;125(26):268004. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.268004.
Three one-body profiles that correspond to local fluctuations in energy, in entropy, and in particle number are used to describe the equilibrium properties of inhomogeneous classical many-body systems. Local fluctuations are obtained from thermodynamic differentiation of the density profile or equivalently from average microscopic covariances. The fluctuation profiles follow from functional generators and they satisfy Ornstein-Zernike relations. Computer simulations reveal markedly different fluctuations in confined fluids with Lennard-Jones, hard sphere, and Gaussian core interactions.
三个分别对应于能量、熵和粒子数局部涨落的单体分布被用于描述非均匀经典多体系统的平衡性质。局部涨落可通过密度分布的热力学微分得到，或者等效地从平均微观协方差得到。涨落分布由泛函生成器导出，并且它们满足奥恩斯坦-泽尔尼克关系。计算机模拟揭示了具有 Lennard-Jones、硬球和高斯核相互作用的受限流体中显著不同的涨落。
