Alagumalai Avinash, Mahian Omid, Hollmann Frank, Zhang Wuyuan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam 532127, Andhra Pradesh, India.
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China; Renewable Energy and Micro/Nano Sciences Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 10;768:144856. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144856. Epub 2021 Jan 2.
Versatile bio-derived catalysts have been under dynamic investigation as potential substitutes to conventional chemical catalysts for sustainable biodiesel production. This is because of their unique, low-cost benefits and production processes that are environmentally and economically acceptable. This critical review aspires to present a viable approach to the synthesis of environmentally benign and cost-effective heterogeneous solid-base catalysts from a wide range of biological and industrial waste materials for sustainable biodiesel production. Most of these waste materials include an abundance of metallic minerals like potassium and calcium. The different approaches proposed by researchers to derive highly active catalysts from large-scale waste materials of a re-usable nature are described briefly. Finally, this report extends to present an overview of techno-economic feasibility of biodiesel production, its environmental impacts, commercial aspects of community-based biodiesel production and potential for large-scale expansion.
多功能生物衍生催化剂作为传统化学催化剂的潜在替代品，一直处于动态研究中，以实现可持续生物柴油生产。这是因为它们具有独特的低成本优势，且生产过程在环境和经济方面都是可接受的。本综述旨在提出一种可行的方法，即从各种生物和工业废料中合成环境友好且经济高效的非均相固体碱催化剂，以实现可持续生物柴油生产。这些废料大多含有大量的金属矿物质，如钾和钙。简要介绍了研究人员提出的从可重复使用的大规模废料中获得高活性催化剂的不同方法。最后，本报告还概述了生物柴油生产的技术经济可行性、其环境影响、基于社区的生物柴油生产的商业方面以及大规模扩张的潜力。
