Leerkes Esther M, Crockenberg Susan C
Psychology Department University of Vermont.
Infancy. 2002 Apr;3(2):227-247. doi: 10.1207/S15327078IN0302_7. Epub 2002 Apr 1.
A developmental model of the origins of maternal self-efficacy and its impact on maternal sensitivity was tested. Participants were 92 primiparous mothers and their 6-month-old infants. Mothers completed questionnaires about remembered care from their own parents and self-esteem prenatally, satisfaction with support, infant temperament, and maternal self-efficacy postnatally, and they participated in a laboratory observation with their infants. Maternal self-efficacy was predicted by remembered maternal care as mediated by global self-esteem. Infant soothability predicted maternal self-efficacy independently and in conjunction with distress to novelty and in conjunction with both distress to limits and satisfaction with support. Maternal self-efficacy interacted with distress to limits to predict maternal sensitivity during emotionally arousing activities. High infant distress was associated with less sensitive maternal behavior when maternal self-efficacy was moderately low and extremely high, but was positively associated with sensitive maternal behavior when self-efficacy was moderately high. Implications for future research are discussed.
对母亲自我效能感的起源及其对母亲敏感性的影响的发展模型进行了测试。参与者为92名初产妇及其6个月大的婴儿。母亲们在产前完成了关于对自己父母养育的回忆、自尊的问卷，产后完成了对支持的满意度、婴儿气质和母亲自我效能感的问卷，并且她们和自己的婴儿一起参与了一项实验室观察。母亲自我效能感由作为中介变量的总体自尊所预测的对母亲养育的回忆来预测。婴儿的安抚性独立地、并与对新事物的苦恼以及与对限制的苦恼和对支持的满意度共同预测母亲自我效能感。母亲自我效能感与对限制的苦恼相互作用，以预测在情绪唤起活动期间的母亲敏感性。当母亲自我效能感处于中等偏低和极高水平时，婴儿的高度苦恼与母亲较低敏感性的行为相关，但当自我效能感处于中等偏高时，婴儿的高度苦恼与母亲敏感的行为呈正相关。讨论了对未来研究的启示。
