Jiang Jishan, Dehesh Katayoon
College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
New Phytol. 2021 May;230(3):931-937. doi: 10.1111/nph.17192. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
The transition from an engulfed autonomous unicellular photosynthetic bacterium to a semiautonomous endosymbiont plastid was accompanied by the transfer of genetic material from the endosymbiont to the nuclear genome of the host, followed by the establishment of plastid-to-nucleus (retrograde) signaling. The retrograde coordinated activities of the two subcellular genomes ensure chloroplast biogenesis and function as the photosynthetic hub and sensing and signaling center that tailors growth-regulating and adaptive processes. This review specifically focuses on the current knowledge of selected stress-induced retrograde signals, genomes uncoupled 1 (GUN1), methylerythritol cyclodiphosphate (MEcPP), apocarotenoid and β-cyclocitral, and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate (PAP), which evolved to establish the photoautotrophic lifestyle and are instrumental in the integration of light and hormonal signaling networks to ultimately fashion adaptive responses in an ever-changing environment.
从被吞噬的自主单细胞光合细菌向半自主内共生质体的转变，伴随着遗传物质从内共生体转移到宿主的核基因组，随后建立了质体到细胞核（逆向）信号传导。逆向协调两个亚细胞基因组的活动，确保叶绿体生物发生并发挥光合枢纽以及定制生长调节和适应性过程的传感与信号中心的功能。本综述特别关注所选应激诱导的逆向信号、解偶联基因1（GUN1）、甲基赤藓糖醇环二磷酸（MEcPP）、类胡萝卜素裂解产物和β-环柠檬醛以及3'-磷酸腺苷5'-磷酸（PAP）的当前知识，这些信号进化而来以建立光合自养生活方式，并有助于整合光信号和激素信号网络，从而在不断变化的环境中最终形成适应性反应。
