Physical Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 May;28(20):25283-25299. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12451-6. Epub 2021 Jan 16.
Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) have gained significant attention in recent years due to their efficiency in the adsorption of water pollutants. Except for magnetic NPs, metallic NPs are rarely used in oil sorption studies, due to the difficulty in recovering the NPs from the treated water. This study reports for the first time the application of ZnONPs for oil spill treatment. The ZnONPs were impregnated onto Musa acuminata peel (MP) support to form a novel material (ZnOMP), which was utilized for the sorption of oil from synthetic oil spills. The as-prepared sorbents were characterized by the SEM, EDS, BET, FTIR, FE-SEM, TGA, and XRD techniques. The presence of 31.32-nm average-sized ZnONPs enhanced the oil uptake characteristics, with clear affinity for the oil phase in comparison to the pristine MP. A maximum sorption capacity of 4.146 g/g and 5.236 g/g was obtained for biosorbents MP and ZnOMP, respectively, which was higher than most reported sorbents. The Freundlich model presented the best fit for the isotherm data, while the pseudo-second-order model was most suited for the kinetics. The presence of competing heavy metal ions in solution did not have any significant effect on the oil sorption capacity onto ZnOMP. The sorption mechanism was attributed to absorption and hydrophobic interactions. ZnONPs impregnated onto the biomass enhanced the spontaneity of oil uptake at higher temperatures. Over 82% desorption of the oil contaminant from the biosorbents was achieved during recovery, using petroleum ether and n-pentane as eluents. Concisely, ZnONPs enhanced the uptake and hydrophobic characteristic of MP biomass and showed good recovery and reusability. Thus, the application of ZnONPs impregnated onto biosorbents in oil spill treatment is highly recommended.
金属纳米粒子（NPs）由于其在吸附水中污染物方面的高效性，近年来引起了广泛关注。除了磁性 NPs 外，由于难以从处理过的水中回收 NPs，因此很少将金属 NPs 用于吸油研究。本研究首次报道了 ZnO NPs 在溢油处理中的应用。将 ZnO NPs 浸渍到 Musa acuminata 皮（MP）载体上形成一种新型材料（ZnOMP），用于从合成溢油中吸附油。通过 SEM、EDS、BET、FTIR、FE-SEM、TGA 和 XRD 技术对制备的吸附剂进行了表征。存在 31.32nm 平均尺寸的 ZnO NPs 增强了吸油特性，与原始 MP 相比，对油相具有明显的亲和力。生物吸附剂 MP 和 ZnOMP 的最大吸附容量分别为 4.146g/g 和 5.236g/g，高于大多数报道的吸附剂。Freundlich 模型最适合等温线数据，而伪二阶模型最适合动力学。溶液中存在竞争重金属离子对 ZnOMP 吸附油的容量没有任何显著影响。吸附机制归因于吸收和疏水相互作用。ZnO NPs 浸渍到生物质中增强了在较高温度下油吸收的自发性。在回收过程中，使用石油醚和正戊烷作为洗脱剂，从生物吸附剂中脱附了超过 82%的油污染物。简而言之，ZnO NPs 增强了 MP 生物质的吸收和疏水性，表现出良好的回收和重复使用性。因此，强烈推荐在溢油处理中应用浸渍有 ZnO NPs 的生物吸附剂。
