一锅法化学沉淀合成氧化锌纳米粒子及其对溴酚蓝的吸附和抗丝状真菌活性。

One-pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles via chemical precipitation for bromophenol blue adsorption and the antifungal activity against filamentous fungi.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.

Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 15;11(1):8305. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87819-2.

In this research, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were prepared via a facile one-pot chemical precipitation approach and applied in the adsorption of bromophenol blue (BRB) and as antifungal agents against the filamentous fungi and plant pathogens; Alternaria alternata CGJM3078, Alternaria alternata CGJM3006 and Fusarium verticilliodes CGJM3823. The ZnONPs were characterized by the UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, TGA, BET, SEM, TEM, and EDX techniques, which showed efficient synthesis. The characteristics ZnO UV-Vis absorption band was observed at 375 nm, while the XRD showed an average ZnONPs crystalline size of 47.2 nm. The SEM and TEM images showed an irregular shaped and aggregated porous structure of 65.3 nm average-sized ZnONPs. The TGA showed 22.9% weight loss at 800 °C indicating the high thermal stability of ZnONPs, while BET analysis revealed a surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of 9.259 m/g, 0.03745 cm/g and 9.87 nm respectively. The Freundlich, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models showed R > 0.9494 and SSE < 0.7412, thus, exhibited the best fit to the isotherm and kinetics models. Thermodynamics revealed feasible, endothermic, random, and spontaneous adsorption of BRB onto the synthesized ZnONPs. The antifungal assay conducted depicts strong antifungal activities against all three tested fungi. Noticeably, ZnONPs (0.002-5 mg/mL) showed maximum activities with the largest zone of inhibition against A. alternata CGJM 3006 from 25.09 to 36.28 mm. This was followed by the strain F. verticilliodes CGJM 3823 (range from 23.77 to 34.77 mm) > A. alternata CGJM3078 (range from 22.73 to 30.63 mm) in comparison to Bleach 5% (positive control). Additionally a model was proposed based on the possible underlying mechanisms for the antifungal effect. This research demonstrated the potent use of ZnONPs for the adsorption of BRB and as effective antifungal agents.

在这项研究中，通过简便的一锅化学沉淀法制备了氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnONPs），并将其应用于吸附溴酚蓝（BRB）以及作为抗真菌剂来对抗丝状真菌和植物病原体；交替单端孢霉 CGJM3078、交替单端孢霉 CGJM3006 和轮枝镰孢菌 CGJM3823。通过 UV-Vis、FTIR、XRD、TGA、BET、SEM、TEM 和 EDX 技术对 ZnONPs 进行了表征，结果表明其合成效率较高。ZnO 的 UV-Vis 吸收带特征峰在 375nm 处，而 XRD 显示 ZnONPs 的平均结晶尺寸为 47.2nm。SEM 和 TEM 图像显示 ZnONPs 的不规则形状和聚集多孔结构的平均尺寸为 65.3nm。TGA 在 800°C 时显示出 22.9%的重量损失，表明 ZnONPs 的热稳定性很高，而 BET 分析表明其比表面积、孔体积和孔径分别为 9.259m/g、0.03745cm/g 和 9.87nm。Freundlich、准二级和内扩散模型显示 R > 0.9494 和 SSE < 0.7412，因此，对吸附等温线和动力学模型拟合度最好。热力学表明 BRB 吸附到合成的 ZnONPs 上是可行的、吸热的、随机的和自发的。抑菌试验结果表明，ZnONPs 对所有三种测试真菌均表现出较强的抑菌活性。值得注意的是，ZnONPs（0.002-5mg/mL）对 A. alternata CGJM 3006 的抑菌圈最大，从 25.09 到 36.28mm。其次是 F. verticilliodes CGJM 3823（范围从 23.77 到 34.77mm） > A. alternata CGJM3078（范围从 22.73 到 30.63mm），而 5%的漂白剂（阳性对照）。此外，还提出了一个基于抑菌作用潜在机制的模型。本研究证明了 ZnONPs 在吸附 BRB 和作为有效抗真菌剂方面的强大用途。