Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
Pharmacol Res. 2021 Mar;165:105427. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105427. Epub 2021 Jan 13.
Skeletal muscles and bone tissue form the musculoskeletal apparatus, a complex system essential for the voluntary movement. The loss of muscle mass and muscle strength is often associated with a loss of bone mass, in a "hazardous duet" which implies the co-existence of sarcopenia-osteoporosis and exposes patients to a deterioration in quality of life and increased mortality. From the mechanostat theory to the recent definition of the osteosarcopenia syndrome, many aspects of muscle-bone interaction have been investigated in recent decades. The mechanical interaction is now accepted, considering the close anatomical relationship between the two tissues, however, much remains to be discovered regarding the biochemical muscle-bone interaction. Skeletal muscle has been defined as an endocrine organ capable of exerting an action on other tissues. Myokines, bioactive polypeptides released by the muscle, could represent the encrypted message in the communication between muscle and bone. These two tissues have a reciprocal influence on their metabolisms and respond in a similar way to the multiple external factors. The aim of this review is to stimulate the understanding of the encrypted language between muscle and bone, highlighting the role of catabolic pathways and oxidative stress in the musculoskeletal apparatus to elucidate the shared mechanisms and the similarity of response to the same stimuli by different tissues. Our understanding of muscle-bone interactions it could be useful to identify and develop new strategies to treat musculoskeletal diseases, together with pharmacological, nutritional and exercise-based approaches, which are already in use for the treatment of these pathologies.
骨骼肌肉和骨组织构成了运动系统，这是一个对于自主运动至关重要的复杂系统。肌肉质量和力量的丧失通常与骨量的减少有关，这是一种“危险的二重奏”，意味着肌少症-骨质疏松症同时存在，并使患者的生活质量恶化，死亡率增加。从机械感受器理论到最近的骨肌减少症综合征的定义，近几十年来，人们已经研究了肌肉-骨骼相互作用的许多方面。目前已经接受了机械相互作用，因为这两种组织之间存在密切的解剖关系，但是，关于肌肉-骨骼的生化相互作用，还有很多需要发现。骨骼肌已被定义为一种能够对其他组织发挥作用的内分泌器官。肌肉因子，即肌肉释放的生物活性多肽，可以代表肌肉和骨骼之间通讯的加密信息。这两种组织相互影响其代谢，并以类似的方式对多种外部因素做出反应。本综述的目的是激发对肌肉和骨骼之间加密语言的理解，强调分解代谢途径和氧化应激在运动系统中的作用，以阐明共享机制以及不同组织对相同刺激的反应相似性。我们对肌肉-骨骼相互作用的理解可以帮助我们识别和开发新的策略来治疗肌肉骨骼疾病，以及药物治疗、营养和运动等已被用于治疗这些疾病的方法。
