Porter School of the Environmental and Earth Sciences, the Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Bnei Zion Medical Center, the Rappaport Family Faculty of Medicine, The Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Israel.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 10;768:144474. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144474. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
We calculate the effects of selected social and physical environmental nuisances on the autonomic nervous system balance among Jewish and Muslim mothers. Seventy-two Jewish and Muslim young healthy mothers from an Arab and Jewish neighboring city were tested in seven urban environments. Three social mediators (social discomfort, participation in household's decision-making and freedom of movement) and three physical mediators (thermal load, carbon monoxide and noise) were considered. Mean differences between Jewish and Muslim heart rate variability (HRV) and the effects of the mediating variables were calculated by ANOVA and stepwise multiple regressions. The results suggest that HRV was predominantly affected by social discomfort. Jewish and Muslim mothers experienced similar levels of social discomfort albeit; their responses differed by type of environment. Jewish mothers experienced stronger social discomfort in outdoor environments while Muslim mothers felt stronger social discomfort at home. Crossing ethnic boundaries was associated with increase in stress in both groups. Social discomfort played a stronger role in predicting stress in inter-ethnic environments. In conclusion, the study shows that social discomfort is a predominant environmental factor in predicting stress and related risk to health as reflected in the ANS balance across ethnicities. In addition ethnic specific factors like women freedom of movement played a minor role in effecting stress. At the same time the physical environmental aspects played essential role in effecting stress.
我们计算了选定的社会和物理环境危害对犹太教和穆斯林母亲自主神经系统平衡的影响。来自阿拉伯和犹太相邻城市的 72 名犹太和穆斯林年轻健康母亲在七个城市环境中接受了测试。考虑了三个社会中介因素（社会不适、参与家庭决策和行动自由）和三个物理中介因素（热负荷、一氧化碳和噪声）。通过方差分析和逐步多元回归计算了犹太教和穆斯林心率变异性（HRV）的均值差异和中介变量的影响。结果表明，HRV 主要受社会不适的影响。尽管犹太教和穆斯林母亲经历了相似程度的社会不适，但她们对环境类型的反应不同。犹太母亲在户外环境中感到更强的社会不适，而穆斯林母亲在家里感到更强的社会不适。跨越种族界限会导致两组压力增加。在跨种族环境中，社会不适在预测压力方面发挥着更强的作用。总之，该研究表明，社会不适是预测压力和反映自主神经系统平衡的相关健康风险的主要环境因素，无论种族如何。此外，女性行动自由等特定种族因素在影响压力方面的作用较小。同时，物理环境方面也起着重要作用。
