UCSF Institute for Health and Aging, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021 Aug;154(2):270-276. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13601. Epub 2021 Feb 23.
Both Rwanda and Australia have made significant strides to eradicate cervical cancer. To understand the successes in Rwanda and Australia, a comparative policy analysis was conducted based on key informant interviews and a review of peer-reviewed literature and policy briefs. Notable findings were identified that offer lessons for countries across the income spectrum. To address cervical cancer, low- and middle-income countries can leverage foreign aid, international collaboration, and strong political advocacy, as Rwanda did. High-income countries can invest in translational research that builds capacity from basic science research to implementation of novel and impactful health products and services, as Australia did. All countries can consider rolling out HPV vaccination by targeting the social and/or physical environment (e.g., a school-based vaccination program, as both Rwanda and Australia did). Cervical cancer is preventable, and eradication is within reach for countries across the income spectrum around the world. Cervical cancer screening programs are needed to minimize the incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer in the short term, and HPV vaccination programs are the best strategy to eradicate cervical cancer in the long term.
卢旺达和澳大利亚在消除宫颈癌方面都取得了重大进展。为了了解卢旺达和澳大利亚的成功经验，我们对关键知情人进行了访谈，并对同行评议文献和政策简报进行了审查，开展了比较政策分析。我们发现了一些显著的发现，这些发现为不同收入水平的国家提供了经验教训。为了解决宫颈癌问题，中低收入国家可以像卢旺达那样利用外援、国际合作和强有力的政治倡导。高收入国家可以投资于转化研究，从基础科学研究到实施新颖和有影响力的卫生产品和服务，就像澳大利亚所做的那样。所有国家都可以考虑通过针对社会和/或物理环境（例如，在学校开展疫苗接种计划，卢旺达和澳大利亚都这样做）推出 HPV 疫苗接种。宫颈癌是可以预防的，全世界不同收入水平的国家都有希望消除宫颈癌。宫颈癌筛查计划对于短期降低宫颈癌发病率和死亡率是必要的，而 HPV 疫苗接种计划是长期消除宫颈癌的最佳策略。
