Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
J Dairy Sci. 2021 Mar;104(3):3240-3249. doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-19423. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
Colostrum samples from 366 Charolais primiparous cows, as well as serum from their calves at 24 to 48 h of age, were collected to gain an overview of the situation regarding passive immune transfer in beef cattle, from both the phenotypic and genetic points of view. All samples were analyzed to quantify their G immunoglobulins by radial immunodiffusion (RID) and their IgG, IgA, and IgM using ELISA. The average concentrations obtained in colostrum were 84 mg/mL for RID-IgG, and 158 mg/mL, 4.5 mg/mL and 10.8 mg/mL for ELISA-IgG, -IgA, and -IgM, respectively. The corresponding values in calf serum were 19.9, 30.6, 1.0, and 1.9 mg/mL. Apart from the general environmental effect (farm-year combination and laboratory conditions), the characteristics of the dams tested did not reveal any influence on colostrum immunoglobulin concentrations. Calving difficulty, as well as the birth weight and sex of calves, were found to be associated with serum concentrations in some cases. Heritability estimates were low to moderate, with the highest being for RID-IgG in colostrum (h = 0.28, standard error = 0.14) and serum (h = 0.36, standard error = 0.18). Phenotypic correlations among the different immunoglobulins were generally positive or null, and none of the genetic correlations were significant due to large standard errors. The phenotypic correlation between dam colostrum and calf serum values was 0.2 for RID-IgG and null for the 3 ELISA measurements. The correlation between RID-IgG and ELISA-IgG was, unexpectedly, null for colostrum and 0.4 for serum. Increased RID-IgG levels in calf serum were associated with improved survival, as well as better early growth and fewer health problems. These results thus showed that despite generally higher concentrations in beef than in dairy cattle, passive transfer was unsuccessful in a considerable number of calves. This should be brought to the attention of breeders to avoid negative effects on survival and subsequent performance. The heritability estimates were encouraging; however, obtaining phenotypes on a large scale constitutes a real limitation regarding these traits.
采集了 366 头夏洛莱初产奶牛的初乳样本以及其犊牛 24-48 小时的血清样本，从表型和遗传两个角度来全面了解肉牛被动免疫传递的情况。所有样本均通过放射免疫扩散（RID）分析其 G 免疫球蛋白，通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）分析 IgG、IgA 和 IgM。初乳中 RID-IgG 的平均浓度为 84mg/mL，ELISA-IgG、-IgA 和 -IgM 的浓度分别为 158mg/mL、4.5mg/mL 和 10.8mg/mL。犊牛血清中的相应值分别为 19.9mg/mL、30.6mg/mL、1.0mg/mL 和 1.9mg/mL。除了一般的环境影响（农场-年份组合和实验室条件）外，所测试的母本特征并未显示对初乳免疫球蛋白浓度有任何影响。在某些情况下，产犊困难以及犊牛的出生体重和性别与血清浓度有关。遗传力估计值较低到中等，其中初乳中 RID-IgG 的遗传力最高（h = 0.28，标准误差 = 0.14），血清中的遗传力次之（h = 0.36，标准误差 = 0.18）。不同免疫球蛋白之间的表型相关性通常为正相关或零相关，由于标准误差较大，没有一个遗传相关性是显著的。母本初乳与犊牛血清值之间的表型相关性 RID-IgG 为 0.2，而 3 种 ELISA 测量值均为零。出乎意料的是，初乳中 RID-IgG 与 ELISA-IgG 之间的遗传相关性为零，而血清中的遗传相关性为 0.4。犊牛血清中 RID-IgG 水平升高与存活率提高以及早期生长和健康问题减少有关。这些结果表明，尽管在肉牛中免疫球蛋白浓度通常高于奶牛，但在相当数量的犊牛中被动传递并不成功。这应该引起饲养者的注意，以避免对存活率和后续性能产生负面影响。遗传力估计值令人鼓舞；然而，在大规模获得表型方面，这些性状确实存在限制。
