Norman L M, Hohenboken W D, Kelley K W
J Anim Sci. 1981 Dec;53(6):1465-72. doi: 10.2527/jas1982.5361465x.
Blood samples obtained 24 and 36 hr postparturition from 187 calves in 2 years were analyzed for serum concentration of immunoglobulins G1 (IgG1) and M (IgM). Serum and colostrum samples also were obtained from their dams, and corresponding immunoglobulin levels were determined. Calves were evaluated for their ability to acquire and absorb immunoglobulins and cows for their ability to produce immunoglobulins. Mathematical models included sources of variation for breed of sire, sire within breed, breed of dam, age of dam and sex of calf. Of these factors, breed of sire, breed of dam and age of dam were the most important. Simmental- and Pinzgauer-sired calves tended (p = .07) to have lower IgG1 and IgM levels than calves sired by Hereford, Hereford X Angus and Tarentaise bulls. Calves of Hereford X Angus dams had consistently higher immunoglobulin concentrations than calves of Hereford dams. Hereford X Angus cows tended to have higher colostrum concentrations and lower serum concentrations of the two immunoglobulins than Hereford cows. A fetal sire effect was demonstrated for serum IgM concentrations in that cows mated to Simmental bulls had lower (P = .05) concentrations than cows mated to bulls of other breeds. Advancing age of dam was associated with higher concentrations of immunoglobulins, except for serum IgM in the calf and in the cow. Correlations between serum and colostrum concentrations of both immunoglobulins in the dam were low, as were correlations between cow colostrum concentration and calf serum concentration of IgG1. IgM in the colostrum was positively associated with IgM in calf serum, however. Heritability estimates for calf serum IgG1 concentration were high (.52 +/- .28 and .69 +/- 30 at 24 and 36 hr, respectively), while estimates for heritability of IgM concentrations were intermediate (.30 +/- .26 and .35 +/- .26 at 24 and 36 hr, respectively). There was no evidence that sires within breeds influenced, through the fetus, immunoglobulin concentrations in serum or colostrum of their mates. Relatively high repeatabilities for all traits imply that observed differences among cows were due in part to genetic and (or) permanent environmental differences.
在两年内从187头犊牛身上采集产后24小时和36小时的血样，分析血清中免疫球蛋白G1（IgG1）和M（IgM）的浓度。同时也从它们的母亲那里采集血清和初乳样本，并测定相应的免疫球蛋白水平。评估犊牛获取和吸收免疫球蛋白的能力以及母牛产生免疫球蛋白的能力。数学模型纳入了父本品种、品种内的父本、母本品种、母本年龄和犊牛性别的变异来源。在这些因素中，父本品种、母本品种和母本年龄最为重要。西门塔尔和皮茨高尔公牛所生的犊牛，其IgG1和IgM水平往往（p = 0.07）低于赫里福德、赫里福德×安格斯和塔伦泰斯公牛所生的犊牛。赫里福德×安格斯母牛所生的犊牛免疫球蛋白浓度始终高于赫里福德母牛所生的犊牛。赫里福德×安格斯母牛的初乳浓度往往高于赫里福德母牛，而两种免疫球蛋白的血清浓度则低于赫里福德母牛。对于血清IgM浓度，证明存在父本胎儿效应，即与西门塔尔公牛交配的母牛其血清IgM浓度低于（P = 0.05）与其他品种公牛交配的母牛。除了犊牛和母牛的血清IgM外，母本年龄的增长与免疫球蛋白浓度的升高有关。母牛血清和初乳中两种免疫球蛋白浓度之间的相关性较低，母牛初乳浓度与犊牛血清IgG1浓度之间的相关性也较低。然而，初乳中的IgM与犊牛血清中的IgM呈正相关。犊牛血清IgG1浓度的遗传力估计值较高（24小时和36小时时分别为0.52±0.28和0.69±0.30），而IgM浓度的遗传力估计值中等（24小时和36小时时分别为0.30±0.26和0.35±0.26）。没有证据表明品种内父本通过胎儿影响其配偶血清或初乳中的免疫球蛋白浓度。所有性状的重复性相对较高，这意味着母牛之间观察到的差异部分归因于遗传和（或）永久环境差异。
