参与社区药剂师的质量改进 (QI)：高等教育机构与地方药剂师委员会合作的定性案例研究。
Engaging community pharmacists in quality improvement (QI): a qualitative case study of a partnership between a Higher Education Institute and Local Pharmaceutical Committees.
机构信息
School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
出版信息
BMJ Open Qual. 2021 Jan;10(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001047.
BACKGROUND
Quality improvement (QI) involves the use of systematic tools and methods to improve the quality of care and outcomes for patients. However, awareness and application of QI among healthcare professionals is poor and new strategies are needed to engage them in this area.
OBJECTIVES
This study describes an innovative collaboration between one Higher Educational Institute (HEI) and Local Pharmaceutical Committees (LPCs) to develop a postgraduate QI module aimed to upskill community pharmacists in QI methods. The study explores pharmacist engagement with the learning and investigates the impact on their practice.
METHODS
Details of the HEI-LPCs collaboration and communication with pharmacist were recorded. Focus groups were held with community pharmacists who enrolled onto the module to explore their motivation for undertaking the learning, how their knowledge of QI had changed and how they applied this learning in practice. A constructivist qualitative methodology was used to analyse the data.
RESULTS
The study found that a HEI-LPC partnership was feasible in developing and delivering the QI module. Fifteen pharmacists enrolled and following its completion, eight took part in one of two focus groups. Pharmacists reported a desire to extend and acquire new skills. The HEI-LPC partnership signalled a vote of confidence that gave pharmacists reassurance to sign up for the training. Some found returning to academia challenging and reported a lack of time and organisational support. Despite this, pharmacists demonstrated an enhanced understanding of QI, were more analytical in their day-to-day problem-solving and viewed the learning as having a positive impact on their team's organisational culture with potential to improve service quality for patients.
CONCLUSIONS
With the increased adoption of new pharmacist's roles and recent changes to governance associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, a HEI-LPC collaborative approach could upskill pharmacists and help them acquire skills to accommodate new working practices.
背景
质量改进（QI）涉及使用系统的工具和方法来提高患者的护理质量和结果。然而，医疗保健专业人员对 QI 的认识和应用程度很低，需要新的策略来使他们参与这一领域。
目的
本研究描述了一家高等教育机构（HEI）和当地药剂师委员会（LPC）之间的创新合作，旨在为社区药剂师开发一门研究生 QI 模块，以提高他们的 QI 方法技能。本研究探讨了药剂师对学习的参与情况，并调查了对其实践的影响。
方法
记录了 HEI-LPC 合作的细节以及与药剂师的沟通情况。对参加该模块的社区药剂师进行了焦点小组讨论，以探讨他们学习的动机、他们对 QI 的了解的变化以及他们如何将这一学习应用于实践。采用建构主义定性方法对数据进行分析。
结果
研究发现，在开发和提供 QI 模块方面，HEI-LPC 合作伙伴关系是可行的。有 15 名药剂师注册，完成后，其中 8 人参加了两个焦点小组中的一个。药剂师报告说他们渴望扩展和获得新技能。HEI-LPC 合作伙伴关系发出了一个信任的信号，让药剂师有信心报名参加培训。一些人发现重返学术界具有挑战性，并报告说缺乏时间和组织支持。尽管如此，药剂师们还是表现出对 QI 的理解有所增强，在日常解决问题时更加注重分析，并认为学习对团队的组织文化有积极影响，有可能提高患者的服务质量。
结论
随着新药剂师角色的日益采用以及与 COVID-19 大流行相关的治理最近发生的变化，HEI-LPC 合作方法可以使药剂师具备技能，并帮助他们获得适应新工作实践的技能。
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