Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF).
Zhejiang Academy of Forestry.
J Oleo Sci. 2021 Feb 1;70(2):175-184. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess20155. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
Torreya grandis is an important economic tree species in China. It provides nutritional value and is important to the health care industry. There are ongoing issues with product quality which are primarily related to improper management and early harvest. This study was carried out during the fruit ripening processes to evaluate the influence of harvesting date on T. grandis quality, and to determine the optimal harvest period. The effects of harvest time on the variation of quality and nutritional parameters of T. grandis nuts and its oil were evaluated, and the optimal harvest period was determined. The results showed that harvest timing had a strong effect on both oil yield and quality. Prolonged ripening could induce higher levels of kernel rate, fruit inclusions, oil and nutritional quality. When the sample harvested in the mid-September, the kernel rate and oil content were increased by 1.88±0.31% and 6.65±0.47%, respectively, compared to samples harvested in the beginning of late-August. Similarly, the mid-September harvest resulted in total unsaturated fatty acids content of the oil being increased by 5.3±0.34%, the FFA and peroxide value being decreased by 40.7±0.15% and 76±0.08%, respectively, and total tocopherols and free amino acids were increased 7.5±0.24% and 47.3±0.15%, respectively, compared to the samples harvested on Aug. 25. The results indicated that the optimal harvest time of T. grandis fruits was mid-September as it was beneficial for improving the quality of T. grandis nut and its oil. It was suggested that T. grandis fruit should be harvested later.
香榧是中国重要的经济树种。它具有营养价值，对保健行业很重要。目前存在产品质量问题，主要与管理不当和提前收获有关。本研究在果实成熟过程中进行，以评估收获日期对香榧品质的影响，并确定最佳收获期。评估了收获时间对香榧坚果及其油的质量和营养参数变化的影响，并确定了最佳收获期。结果表明，收获时间对油产量和质量有很大影响。延长成熟时间会导致仁率、果实夹杂物、油和营养质量更高。当 9 月中旬收获时，与 8 月底初收获相比，仁率和含油率分别增加了 1.88±0.31%和 6.65±0.47%。同样，9 月中旬收获使油中总不饱和脂肪酸含量增加 5.3±0.34%，FFA 和过氧化物值分别降低 40.7±0.15%和 76±0.08%，总生育酚和游离氨基酸分别增加 7.5±0.24%和 47.3±0.15%。结果表明，香榧果实的最佳收获时间为 9 月中旬，有利于提高香榧坚果及其油的品质。建议香榧果实应推迟收获。
