Sarna Krishan, Amuti Thomas, Butt Fawzia, Kamau Martin, Muriithi Anne
Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Human Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2020 Dec;13(4):300-304. doi: 10.1177/1943387520958333. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
The deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) is a large caliber artery which branches laterally from the external iliac artery (EIA), directly opposite the origin of the inferior epigastric artery (IEA). Population variations have been reported in its origin, length, and branching patterns. These may alter its relationship to palpable surgical landmarks such as the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic tubercle (PT) which are used to locate the artery preoperatively, thus predisposing it iatrogenic injury. Despite this, there is paucity of data from the Kenyan setting.
Cross-sectional study design.
To determine the variations of the anatomy and bony landmarks of the Deep circumflex iliac artery in a select Kenyan population.
A total of 104 DCIA from 52 formalin fixed adult cadavers were dissected to expose the DCIA, following which its vessel of origin and distance from the ASIS and PT, relation to the inguinal ligament (IL), length and branching patterns were noted. The average of the measurements were calculated. All data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007 (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA). Representative photos of the vessel and its variations were taken.
The DCIA was found to be present and bilaterally symmetrical in all cadavers. In all cases observed, it originated as a lateral branch from the EIA (100%), opposite the IEA and directly behind the IL in 98% of the cases. Its average distance from the ASIS along the IL was 7.28 ± 0.99, while it was 5.91 ± 1.03 from the pubic tubercle to its origin. Its length ranged from 3.7 cm to 9.5 cm, with an average length of 3.86 cm in the right limb and 3.67 cm in the left limb. As regards its branching patterns, in 78% of the cases, it bifurcated into the horizontal and ascending branches, in 6%, it trifurcated and in 4%, it divided into more than 3, exhibiting a fine tree-like branching (arborization).
The DCIA in our setting exhibited variations from other settings and an increase in awareness of these variations will probably reduce future iatrogenic lesions of the DCIA and its major branches in Kenya.
旋髂深动脉（DCIA）是一条大口径动脉，从髂外动脉（EIA）外侧分支，恰好在腹壁下动脉（IEA）起点的对面。其起源、长度和分支模式存在人群差异。这些差异可能会改变它与可触及的手术标志（如术前用于定位该动脉的髂前上棘（ASIS）和耻骨结节（PT））的关系，从而使其易发生医源性损伤。尽管如此，肯尼亚地区的数据却很匮乏。
横断面研究设计。
确定特定肯尼亚人群中旋髂深动脉的解剖结构和骨性标志的变异情况。
对52具经福尔马林固定的成年尸体的104条旋髂深动脉进行解剖，以暴露旋髂深动脉，随后记录其起源血管、与髂前上棘和耻骨结节的距离、与腹股沟韧带（IL）的关系、长度和分支模式。计算测量值的平均值。所有数据均使用Microsoft Excel 2007（微软公司）进行收集和分析。拍摄该血管及其变异的代表性照片。
在所有尸体中均发现旋髂深动脉存在且双侧对称。在所有观察到的病例中，它均从髂外动脉外侧分支（100%），在98%的病例中与腹壁下动脉相对且直接位于腹股沟韧带后方。其沿腹股沟韧带距髂前上棘的平均距离为7.28±0.99，从耻骨结节到其起源的平均距离为5.91±1.03。其长度范围为3.7厘米至9.5厘米，右肢平均长度为3.86厘米，左肢平均长度为3.67厘米。关于其分支模式，78%的病例中它分为水平支和升支，6%的病例中它分为三支，4%的病例中它分为三支以上，呈现出精细的树状分支（分支状）。
我们研究中的旋髂深动脉与其他研究中的情况存在差异，提高对这些差异的认识可能会减少肯尼亚未来旋髂深动脉及其主要分支的医源性损伤。
