Institute for Advanced Studies in Theoretical Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University Jerusalem, Israel.
FEBS Lett. 2021 Apr;595(7):913-924. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.14044. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
The mechanism and evolution of the recognition scheme between key components of the translation system, that is, tRNAs, synthetases, and elongation factors, are fundamental issues in understanding the translation of genetic information into proteins. Statistical analysis of bacterial tRNA sequences reveals that for six amino acids, a string of 10 nucleotides preceding the tRNA 3' end carries cognate coding triplets to nearly full extent. The triplets conserved in positions 63-67 are implicated in the recognition by the elongation factor EF-Tu, and those conserved in positions 68-72, in the identification of cognate tRNAs, and their derived minihelices by class IIa synthetases. These coding triplets are suggested to have primordial origin, being engaged in aminoacylation of prebiotic tRNAs and in the establishment of the canonical codon set.
翻译机制和进化的关键组成部分之间的识别方案的翻译系统，即 tRNA、合成酶和延伸因子，是理解遗传信息翻译成蛋白质的基本问题。细菌 tRNA 序列的统计分析表明，对于六种氨基酸，在 tRNA 3'末端之前的 10 个核苷酸串几乎完全携带对应的编码三联体。在位置 63-67 保守的三联体涉及延伸因子 EF-Tu 的识别，而在位置 68-72 保守的三联体涉及同功 tRNA 的识别，以及由 IIa 类合成酶衍生的小型螺旋。这些编码三联体具有原始起源，参与前生物 tRNA 的氨酰化和规范密码子集的建立。
