在母乳喂养和产妇抑郁的背景下，有爱的触摸会影响婴儿神经发育和气质基础。
Affectionate Touch in the Context of Breastfeeding and Maternal Depression Influences Infant Neurodevelopmental and Temperamental Substrates.
机构信息
Charles E. Schmidt College Science Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA,
Charles E. Schmidt College Science Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA.
出版信息
Neuropsychobiology. 2021;80(2):158-175. doi: 10.1159/000511604. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
BACKGROUND
While numerous studies have demonstrated maternal depression's influence on infant brain development, few studies have examined the changes that occur as a consequence of co-occurring experiential factors that affect quality of mother and infant affectionate touch as well as infant temperament and neurophysiological systems. The aim of the study was to examine the interactive effects of maternal depression and breastfeeding on mother and infant affectionate touch and infant temperament and cortical maturation patterns across early development.
METHODS
113 mothers and their infants participated when infants were 1 and 3 months of age. Questionnaires to assess maternal depressive symptoms, feeding, and temperament were completed. Tonic EEG patterns (asymmetry and left and right activity) were collected and the dyads were video-recorded during feeding to assess mother and infant affectionate touch patterns.
RESULTS
Data analysis showed that EEG activity and mother-infant affectionate touch differed as a function of mood and feeding method. Notably, only infants of depressed mothers that bottle-fed showed right frontal EEG asymmetry and attenuated change in the left frontal region across 3 months. Breastfeeding positively impacted affectionate touch behaviors and was associated with increased left and decreased right frontal EEG activation even for depressed groups. Furthermore, a model incorporating physiology, maternal depression, touch, temperament, and feeding indicated significant prediction for infant affectionate touch (with breastfeeding and affectively positive temperament demonstrating the strongest prediction). Con-clusion: The findings suggest that breastfeeding and the infant's positive temperament influence mother-infant affectionate touch patterns and result in neuroprotective outcomes for infants, even those exposed to maternal depression within early development.
背景
虽然许多研究已经证明了母亲抑郁对婴儿大脑发育的影响，但很少有研究探讨同时存在的经验因素的变化，这些因素会影响母亲和婴儿的亲昵触摸以及婴儿的气质和神经生理系统的质量。本研究的目的是探讨母亲抑郁和母乳喂养对母婴亲昵触摸以及婴儿气质和皮质成熟模式在早期发育中的相互作用。
方法
113 名母亲及其婴儿在婴儿 1 个月和 3 个月大时参与了研究。完成了评估母亲抑郁症状、喂养和气质的问卷。收集了紧张性脑电图模式（不对称和左右活动），并在喂养期间对母子进行视频记录，以评估母婴亲昵触摸模式。
结果
数据分析显示，脑电图活动和母婴亲昵触摸的模式因情绪和喂养方式而异。值得注意的是，只有抑郁母亲的婴儿奶瓶喂养时，右侧额区的脑电图不对称和左侧额区的活动减少在 3 个月内发生了变化。母乳喂养对亲昵触摸行为有积极影响，即使对于抑郁组，也与左前区增加和右前区减少的脑电图激活有关。此外，一个包含生理学、母亲抑郁、触摸、气质和喂养的模型表明，对婴儿亲昵触摸有显著的预测作用（母乳喂养和情感积极的气质表现出最强的预测作用）。结论：这些发现表明，母乳喂养和婴儿的积极气质会影响母婴亲昵触摸的模式，并为婴儿提供神经保护的结果，即使他们在早期发育中暴露于母亲的抑郁之中。
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