Barreto Carla Requião, Carvalho Fernando Martins, Lins-Kusterer Liliane
Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment, and Work, Federal University of Bahia, Largo do Terreiro de Jesus, S/N Centro Histórico, Salvador, Bahia, CEP 40026-010, Brazil.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2021 Jan 18;19(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01661-0.
Brazil is a violent society and police officers play a fundamental role in this scenario. Police work is a stressful occupation. Dealing with routine violence, police officers must have high standards of physical and mental health. Patrolling the streets involves several risks and stressful situations that may hamper military policemen's quality of life. The identification of factors associated with health-related quality of life may help in planning and providing adequate care to military policemen. This study aimed to identify factors associated with health-related quality of life of military policemen in Salvador, Brazil.
A cross-sectional design study investigated a random sample of 329 male military police officers, engaged in patrolling the streets of Salvador, Brazil. A structured questionnaire applied to the policemen collected information about age, education, marital status, income, house ownership, car ownership, police rank, working day, alcohol consumption, smoking, frequency of vigorous physical activity, obesity (body mass index ≥ 30.0), and work ability. Health-related quality of life was evaluated through the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). Work ability was assessed through the Work Ability Index questionnaire. Poor work ability was defined by a 7-27 points score. Multiple linear regression models were used to measure the impact of police officers characteristics on the variation in the Physical Component and Mental Component Summary scores.
Normalised scores were below 50.0% for seven out of the eight SF-36 domains and for the two component summaries. The SF-36 Physical Component Summary was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with poor work ability, while the Mental Component Summary was associated with poor work ability, excessive alcohol consumption, and younger age (24-34 years). Multivariate analysis estimated that the Physical Component Summary was 7.386 units (%) lower among policemen with poor work ability compared to those with moderate/good/excellent work ability. The Mental Component Summary was 12.755 units lower among those with poor work ability, 5.354 units lower among those with excessive alcohol consumption, and 5.532 units higher among those with younger age.
The military police officers investigated presented low health-related quality of life, associated with younger age, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor work ability.
巴西是一个暴力频发的社会，警察在这种情况下发挥着重要作用。警察工作是一项压力巨大的职业。应对日常暴力事件，警察必须具备高标准的身心健康。街头巡逻存在多种风险和压力情境，可能会影响宪兵的生活质量。识别与健康相关生活质量相关的因素，有助于为宪兵规划和提供适当的护理。本研究旨在识别巴西萨尔瓦多宪兵与健康相关生活质量相关的因素。
一项横断面设计研究调查了329名参与巴西萨尔瓦多街头巡逻的男性宪兵随机样本。向警察发放的一份结构化问卷收集了有关年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、收入、房屋所有权、汽车所有权、警衔、工作日、饮酒、吸烟、剧烈体育活动频率、肥胖（体重指数≥30.0）和工作能力的信息。通过36项简短健康调查问卷（SF-36）评估与健康相关的生活质量。通过工作能力指数问卷评估工作能力。工作能力差定义为得分7 - 27分。使用多元线性回归模型来衡量警察特征对身体成分和心理成分汇总得分变化的影响。
八个SF-36领域中的七个以及两个成分汇总的标准化得分均低于50.0%。SF-36身体成分汇总与工作能力差显著相关（P < 0.05），而心理成分汇总与工作能力差、过度饮酒和年龄较小（24 - 34岁）相关。多变量分析估计，与工作能力中等/良好/优秀的警察相比，工作能力差的警察身体成分汇总低7.386个单位（%）。工作能力差的警察心理成分汇总低12.755个单位，过度饮酒的警察低5.354个单位，年龄较小的警察高5.532个单位。
接受调查的宪兵健康相关生活质量较低，与年龄较小、过度饮酒和工作能力差有关。
