Wang G J, Moskal J T, Albert T, Pritts C, Schuch C M, Stamp W G
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville 22908.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988 Mar;70(3):357-60.
In order to study how the efficiency of the halo vest is affected by different lengths of the vest, an experimental headband was devised that allowed the head of a normal person to be held securely in the halo attachment. The vest was then modified to allow it to be adjusted to three different lengths (Fig. 2): a full vest extended to the iliac crests, a short vest extended to the twelfth ribs, and a half vest extended to the level of the nipples. Twenty normal, healthy adult men participated in the study. For each vest length, radiographs were made of each subject demonstrating rotation, flexion-extension, and lateral bending of the cervical spine. There was no rotation of the cervical spine, regardless of the length of the vest. There was a variable degree of motion in flexion or extension of the upper part of the cervical spine with all vest lengths, but this was not statistically significant. There was definite increase of motion caudad to the level of the fifth cervical vertebra regardless of the length of the vest. We concluded that a lesion of the upper part of the cervical spine can be treated effectively by halo traction with a half vest. This will improve the comfort and care of the patient and avoid the necessity of removing the vest if emergency cardiovascular resuscitation is needed. In the treatment of lesions of the lower part of the cervical spine (caudad to the level of the fourth cervical vertebra), the use of a halo vest that extends caudad to the level of the twelfth ribs does provide additional stability.
为了研究不同长度的头环背心对其效能的影响，设计了一种实验性头带，可将正常人的头部牢固固定在头环附件中。然后对头环背心进行改装，使其能够调整为三种不同长度（图2）：全长背心延伸至髂嵴，短背心延伸至第十二肋骨，半长背心延伸至乳头水平。20名正常、健康的成年男性参与了该研究。对于每种背心长度，均对每个受试者进行颈椎旋转、屈伸和侧弯的X线片拍摄。无论背心长度如何，颈椎均无旋转。所有背心长度下，颈椎上部屈伸均有不同程度的活动，但这在统计学上无显著意义。无论背心长度如何，在第五颈椎水平以下均有明确的活动增加。我们得出结论，颈椎上部病变采用半长头环背心牵引可有效治疗。这将提高患者的舒适度和护理质量，并且在需要进行紧急心肺复苏时无需取下背心。在治疗颈椎下部（第四颈椎水平以下）病变时，延伸至第十二肋骨水平以下的头环背心确实可提供额外的稳定性。
