Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, 210095, China; Department of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jun;272:129618. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129618. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
In previous articles, it was found that epoxiconazole enantiomers can persist for a long time in the environment, causing severe environmental damage. Herein, we investigated alterations in the soil microbial community and rat gut microbiota after six weeks of treatment with rac-epoxiconazole or one of its enantiomers. The selected concentrations were 1, 2, and 6 times greater than the maximum residue limits (MRLs). The rat gut microbiota relative abundance in the feces significantly changed following exposure to rac-epoxiconazole or one of its enantiomers. At the phylum level, in the R,S-, S,R-epoxiconazole, and rac-treated groups, Firmicutes presented the greatest decrease in abundance; however, Spirochaetes presented the greatest increase in abundance in the rac- and S,R-epoxiconazole-treated groups. In response to R,S-epoxiconazole, Epsilonbacteraeota presented the greatest increase in abundance. In soil samples treated with epoxiconazole, the relative abundance of the soil bacterial community also changed. Proteobacteria presented the greatest decrease in abundance in the S,R- and rac-treated samples. However, Firmicutes presented the greatest increase in abundance. In the R,S-treated soil samples, the situation was the opposite. In general, prolonged exposure to epoxiconazole at high concentrations could initiate noticeable alterations in rat gut microbiota and soil microbial diversity. R,S-epoxiconazole had improved bioactivity and less toxic effects at relatively low concentrations. Therefore, we recommend using R,S-epoxiconazole at a relatively low concentration, which is better for environmental safety.
在之前的文章中，研究发现，顺式-环氧氯唑对映异构体在环境中能长时间存在，造成严重的环境破坏。在此，我们研究了在六周内用 rac-环氧氯唑或其对映异构体之一治疗后土壤微生物群落和大鼠肠道微生物群的变化。选择的浓度是最大残留限量（MRLs）的 1、2 和 6 倍。在暴露于 rac-环氧氯唑或其对映异构体之一后，大鼠粪便中的肠道微生物群落相对丰度显著改变。在门水平上，在 R,S-、S,R-环氧氯唑和 rac 处理组中，厚壁菌门的丰度下降最大；然而，在 rac 和 S,R-环氧氯唑处理组中，螺旋体门的丰度增加最大。对 R,S-环氧氯唑，Epsilonbacteraeota 的丰度增加最大。在环氧氯唑处理的土壤样本中，土壤细菌群落的相对丰度也发生了变化。在 S,R-和 rac 处理的样本中，变形菌门的丰度下降最大。然而，厚壁菌门的丰度增加最大。在 R,S-处理的土壤样本中，情况正好相反。总的来说，长时间高浓度接触环氧氯唑可能会引发大鼠肠道微生物群和土壤微生物多样性的显著变化。在相对较低的浓度下，R,S-环氧氯唑具有更好的生物活性和更低的毒性作用。因此，我们建议在相对较低的浓度下使用 R,S-环氧氯唑，这对环境安全更有利。
