Zhang Shihai, Peng Di, Li Yi, Zu Lei, Fu Mingliang, Yin Hang, Ding Yan
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Mar 15;273:116453. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116453. Epub 2021 Jan 8.
To better understand the real-world emissions of rural vehicles (RVs) in China, 8 China II RVs and 18 China III RVs were tested on a provincial road, rural road and farm road using a portable emissions measurement system. The results are illustrated in contour maps of the speed, acceleration and emission rates and show that CO, HC, NOx and PM emissions differ for the three road types; however, the peak emission points all occur on the provincial road. The average CO, HC, NOx and PM emission factors based on distance for the China II RVs are 9.21, 4.05, 1.68 and 2.58 times higher, respectively, than those of the China III RVs. However, the average NOx emission factors of the China II and III RVs are 2.21 and 1.65 times higher than the corresponding recommended values of national emission inventory guideline, resulting in underestimation of overall RVs' emissions. Distance-based emission factors of four pollutants ranked from high to low are farm road > rural road > provincial road. In contrast to the average emission factors of the China II RVs on the three road types, those of the China III RVs are significantly less in terms of distance and fuel consumption. The results of other researchers differ from those in this study: the CO emission factor of the China II RVs is 2.12 times higher than that of the China II light-duty diesel vehicles (LDDVs). The PM emission factor of the China III RVs is 2.67 times higher than that of the China III LDDVs. The NOx emission factors of the China II and III RVs are similar to those of the corresponding China II and III LDDVs. Our research increases the understanding of real-world emissions of RVs and can act as great references for policy makers developing RV emission baselines.
为了更好地了解中国农村车辆（RVs）的实际排放情况，使用便携式排放测量系统在省级道路、乡村道路和农场道路上对8辆国二标准的农村车辆和18辆国三标准的农村车辆进行了测试。结果以速度、加速度和排放率的等值线图呈现，表明三种道路类型的一氧化碳（CO）、碳氢化合物（HC）、氮氧化物（NOx）和颗粒物（PM）排放存在差异；然而，排放峰值点均出现在省级道路上。基于行驶距离的国二标准农村车辆的平均CO、HC、NOx和PM排放因子分别比国三标准农村车辆高9.21倍、4.05倍、1.68倍和2.58倍。然而，国二和国三标准农村车辆的平均NOx排放因子分别比国家排放清单指南的相应推荐值高2.21倍和1.65倍，导致农村车辆总体排放被低估。四种污染物基于行驶距离的排放因子从高到低依次为：农场道路＞乡村道路＞省级道路。与国二标准农村车辆在三种道路类型上的平均排放因子相比，国三标准农村车辆在行驶距离和燃料消耗方面的排放因子显著更低。其他研究人员的结果与本研究不同：国二标准农村车辆的CO排放因子比国二标准轻型柴油车（LDDVs）高2.12倍。国三标准农村车辆的PM排放因子比国三标准LDDVs高2.67倍。国二和国三标准农村车辆的NOx排放因子与相应的国二和国三标准LDDVs相似。我们的研究增进了对农村车辆实际排放的了解，可为政策制定者制定农村车辆排放基线提供重要参考。
