School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, 250023, China.
Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100101, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jul 30;11(1):15512. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94159-8.
Traffic congestion and smog are hot topics in recent years. This study analyzes the impacts of road traffic characteristic parameters on urban air quality quantitatively based on aerosol optical thickness (AOD) and geographical weighted regression (GWR) models, including the road network density, road area occupancy, intersection number, and bus network density as main factors. There are some major research findings. Firstly, there exists a strong positive correlation between the peak congestion delay index (PCDI) and air quality, the correlation has R values of up to 0.4962 (R 0.70). Secondly, GWR refines the local spatial changes in the AOD and the road parameters, and the correlation R based GWR model all above 0.6. The correlation between AOD and the road area occupancy was the highest, and the correlations with the bus network density and the intersections number were higher than that with the road network density. Thus, bus route planning, bus emission reduction, road network planning, and signal timing (at intersections) have a greater impact on air quality than other policy, especially in areas with traffic jams. The results of this study could provide theoretical support for traffic planning and traffic control, and is promising in practice.
交通拥堵和雾霾是近年来的热门话题。本研究基于气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）和地理加权回归（GWR）模型，定量分析了道路交通特征参数对城市空气质量的影响，包括路网密度、道路面积占有率、交叉口数量和公交线路密度等主要因素。主要研究结果如下：首先，高峰拥堵延迟指数（PCDI）与空气质量之间存在很强的正相关关系，其相关系数 R 值高达 0.4962（R²=0.70）。其次，GWR 细化了 AOD 和道路参数的局部空间变化，基于 GWR 模型的相关系数 R 均在 0.6 以上。AOD 与道路面积占有率的相关性最高，与公交线路密度和交叉口数量的相关性均高于与路网密度的相关性。因此，与其他政策相比，公交线路规划、公交减排、路网规划和信号配时（交叉口）对空气质量的影响更大，特别是在交通拥堵严重的地区。本研究结果可为交通规划和交通控制提供理论支持，在实践中具有广阔的应用前景。
