Department of Botany. University of Granada, Spain; Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA). University of Granada, Spain.
Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA). University of Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics. University of Granada, Spain.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Mar 15;282:111963. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.111963. Epub 2021 Jan 16.
Pollen grains emitted by urban vegetation are the main primary biological airborne particles (PBAPs) which alter the biological quality of urban air and have a significant impact on human health. This work analyses the interactions which exist between pollen-type PBAPs, meteorological variables, and air pollutants in the urban atmosphere so that the complex relationships and trends in future scenarios of changing environmental conditions can be assessed. For this study, the 1992-2018 pollen data series from the city of Granada (southeast Spain) was used, in which the dynamics of the total pollen as well as the 8 main pollen types (Cupressaceae, Olea, Pinus, Platanus, Poaceae, Populus, Quercus and Urticaceae) were analysed. The trend analysis showed that all except Urticaceae trended upward throughout the series. Spearman's correlations with meteorological variables showed that, in general, the most influential variables on the pollen concentrations were the daily maximum temperature, relative humidity, water vapor pressure, global radiation, and insolation, with different effects on different pollen types. Parallel analysis by neural networks (ANN) confirmed these variables as the predominant ones, especially global radiation. The correlation with atmospheric pollutants revealed that ozone was the pollutant with the highest influence, although some pollen types also showed correlation with NO, SO, CO and PM. The Generalized Linear Models (GLM) between pollen and pollutants also indicated O as the most prominent variable. These results highlight the active role that pollen-type PBAPs have on urban air quality by establishing their interactions with meteorological variables and pollutants, thereby providing information on the behaviour of pollen emissions under changing environmental conditions.
城市植被排放的花粉颗粒是改变城市空气生物质量并对人类健康产生重大影响的主要初级生物空气颗粒（PBAPs）。这项工作分析了花粉型 PBAPs、气象变量和城市大气污染物之间存在的相互作用，以便评估未来环境条件变化情景中的复杂关系和趋势。在这项研究中，使用了来自西班牙东南部城市格拉纳达的 1992-2018 年花粉数据系列，其中分析了总花粉以及 8 种主要花粉类型（柏科、橄榄科、松科、悬铃木科、禾本科、杨科、栎科和荨麻科）的动态。趋势分析表明，除荨麻科外，所有花粉类型的浓度均呈上升趋势。与气象变量的 Spearman 相关性表明，一般来说，对花粉浓度影响最大的变量是日最高温度、相对湿度、水汽压、总辐射和日照，对不同花粉类型的影响也不同。神经网络（ANN）的并行分析证实了这些变量是主要变量，尤其是总辐射。与大气污染物的相关性表明，臭氧是影响最大的污染物，尽管一些花粉类型也与 NO、SO、CO 和 PM 相关。花粉与污染物之间的广义线性模型（GLM）也表明 O 是最突出的变量。这些结果通过建立花粉与气象变量和污染物之间的相互作用，突出了花粉型 PBAPs 对城市空气质量的积极作用，从而提供了有关在不断变化的环境条件下花粉排放行为的信息。
