Clinic Laboratory Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.
Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Neurodegener Dis. 2020;20(2-3):55-64. doi: 10.1159/000511083. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial, chronic, and progressive neurodegenerative disease. α-Synuclein (α-syn), which is the main protein component of Lewy bodies, plays an important role in the pathological hallmarks of PD. However, the pathological function of α-syn and the molecular mechanisms responsible for the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons are still elusive.
Cumulative evidence implicates that abnormal processing of α-syn will be predicted to lead to pathological changes in PD. Key Messages: In this review, we summarize the structure and physiological function of α-syn, and further discuss the interplay of pathology, neuroinflammation, and environmental factors in PD. Additionally, we suggest future directions for understanding the toxicity of α-syn to neurons, which may ultimately encourage us to better design disease-modifying therapeutic strategies for PD.
帕金森病（PD）是一种多因素、慢性和进行性的神经退行性疾病。α-突触核蛋白（α-syn）是路易体的主要蛋白成分，在 PD 的病理特征中起着重要作用。然而，α-syn 的病理功能和导致多巴胺能神经元变性的分子机制仍不清楚。
越来越多的证据表明，α-syn 的异常处理将导致 PD 的病理变化。
在这篇综述中，我们总结了 α-syn 的结构和生理功能，并进一步讨论了 PD 中的病理学、神经炎症和环境因素的相互作用。此外，我们为了解 α-syn 对神经元的毒性提出了未来的研究方向，这可能最终促使我们更好地设计 PD 的疾病修饰治疗策略。
