Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2198, South Africa.
World Health Organization SAGE, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 5;18(1):359. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010359.
Recent studies have suggested the common co-occurrence of hypertension and diabetes in South Africa. Given that hypertension and diabetes are known to share common socio-demographic, anthropometric and lifestyle risk factors, the aim of this study was to jointly model the shared and disease-specific geographical variation of hypertension and diabetes. The current analysis used the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) South Africa Wave 2 (2014/15) data collected from 2761 participants. Of the 2761 adults (median age = 56 years), 641 (23.2%) had high blood pressure on measurement and 338 (12.3%) reported being diagnosed with diabetes. The shared component has distinct spatial patterns with higher values of odds in the eastern districts of Kwa-Zulu Natal and central Gauteng province. The shared component may represent unmeasured health behavior characteristics or the social determinants of health in our population. Our study further showed how a shared component (latent and unmeasured health behavior characteristics or the social determinants of health) is distributed across South Africa among the older adult population. Further research using similar shared joint models may focus on extending these models for multiple diseases with ecological factors and also incorporating sampling weights in the spatial analyses.
最近的研究表明，南非高血压和糖尿病的共同发生较为普遍。鉴于高血压和糖尿病已知具有共同的社会人口统计学、人体测量学和生活方式风险因素，本研究旨在共同构建高血压和糖尿病的共享和特定疾病的地理变异模型。本分析使用了来自 2761 名参与者的全球老龄化和成人健康研究（SAGE）南非第 2 波（2014/15 年）数据。在 2761 名成年人（中位数年龄=56 岁）中，有 641 人（23.2%）在测量时患有高血压，有 338 人（12.3%）报告被诊断患有糖尿病。共享成分具有独特的空间模式，夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省东部地区和豪登省中部地区的比值较高。共享成分可能代表了我们人群中未测量的健康行为特征或健康的社会决定因素。我们的研究进一步表明了共享成分（潜在和未测量的健康行为特征或健康的社会决定因素）在南非老年人群中是如何分布的。使用类似的共享联合模型的进一步研究可以集中于将这些模型扩展到具有生态因素的多种疾病，并在空间分析中纳入抽样权重。
