spp. in Wild Boars (), Brown Bears (), Eurasian Lynxes () and Badgers () in Estonia, 2007-2014.

In this study, we summarize findings from four wild, free-ranging host species from Estonia during 2007-2014. spp. larvae were detected in 281 (0.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8-1.0) of 30,566 wild boars (), 63 (14.7%, 95% CI 11.6-18.3) of 429 brown bears (), 59 (65.56%, 95% CI 55.3-74.8) of 90 Eurasian lynxes (), and three (60.0%, 95% CI 18.2-92.7) of five badgers (). All four European species were detected: in 0.7% of the wild boars, 7.2% of the brown bears, 45.6% of the lynxes, and 40.0% of the badgers; in 0.1% of the wild boars, 5.8% of the brown bears, and 20.0% of the lynxes; in 0.02% the wild boars; and in 0.03% of the wild boars and 4.4% of the lynxes. The results include the first description from Estonia of in brown bear and badgers, in wild boars, and in wild boars and lynxes. The results indicate high infection pressure in the sylvatic cycles across the years-illustrating continuous risk of spillover to domestic cycles and of transmission to humans.