Miller N S, Goodwin D W, Jones F C, Gabrielli W F, Pardo M P, Anand M M, Hall T B
Fair Oaks Hospital, Summit, New Jersey 07901.
J Stud Alcohol. 1988 Jan;49(1):16-20. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1988.49.16.
The so-called Oriental flushing reaction associated with ingestion of small amounts of alcohol was antagonized by combined antihistamine administration. In stage one of the study, the flushing reaction to low doses of alcohol was produced in Orientals. Most subjects experienced a cutaneous flush, an increase in skin temperature, a decrease in blood pressure, an increase in pulse rate and subjective symptoms such as dizziness, sleepiness, anxiety, headache, generalized weakness and nausea. Before the administration of alcohol, one-half of the subjects were given 50 mg of diphenhydramine (H1 receptor antagonist) and 300 mg of cimetidine (H2 receptor antagonist). The second half received placebo tablets. The clearest difference between the antihistamine group and placebo group was in the skin flushing reaction. The antihistamine group showed a significant reduction in the skin flush. The antihistamine also neutralized the systolic hypotension induced by the administration of alcohol. The possible importance of histamine in the expression of sensitivity to alcohol is considered. The relevance to genetic susceptibility for development of alcoholism is discussed.
摄入少量酒精后出现的所谓东方潮红反应可通过联合使用抗组胺药来对抗。在研究的第一阶段，让东方人产生对低剂量酒精的潮红反应。大多数受试者经历了皮肤潮红、皮肤温度升高、血压下降、脉搏率增加以及头晕、嗜睡、焦虑、头痛、全身无力和恶心等主观症状。在给予酒精之前，一半受试者服用50毫克苯海拉明（H1受体拮抗剂）和300毫克西咪替丁（H2受体拮抗剂）。另一半受试者服用安慰剂片。抗组胺药组和安慰剂组之间最明显的差异在于皮肤潮红反应。抗组胺药组的皮肤潮红明显减轻。抗组胺药还中和了酒精给药引起的收缩期低血压。文中考虑了组胺在酒精敏感性表达中的可能重要性。讨论了其与酒精中毒易感性的遗传相关性。
