Murray Ross M, Sabiston Catherine M, Doré Isabelle, Bélanger Mathieu, O'Loughlin Jennifer L
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Addict Behav. 2021 May;116:106798. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106798. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Team sport participation contributes to positive outcomes, including increased physical activity, better mental health, and enhanced social engagement. However, longitudinal studies show that team sport participation during adolescence is also associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits, including harmful substance use behaviors. Our objectives were to examine these associations in an adolescent sample, assess differences between sexes, examine the association by sport type, and investigate whether associations carry into young adulthood.
Over five years of high school participants reported team sport participation, smoking status, and frequency of alcohol use, three years post-high school participants reported the same behaviors as well as marijuana use.
Regression analyses accounting for individual clustering revealed that participation in team sport during high school was associated with an increased likelihood of current smoking in males and more frequent drinking in both sexes during adolescence. These relationships were strongest in individuals who participated in football. Further analyses revealed that team sport participation in high school was associated with an increased likelihood of more frequent binge drinking in young adulthood; however, team sport participation in young adulthood was associated with a decrease in the likelihood of cigarette smoking and marijuana use in young adulthood.
Overall, results confirm that team sport participation in adolescence is positively associated with substance use in adolescence, and this association differs by sex. However, team sport participation in young adulthood is negatively associated with harmful substance use. Further research is needed to understand if these trends generalize beyond White adolescents and young adults.
参与团队运动有助于产生积极结果，包括增加身体活动、改善心理健康和增强社会参与度。然而，纵向研究表明，青少年时期参与团队运动也与不健康的生活习惯有关，包括有害物质使用行为。我们的目标是在青少年样本中研究这些关联，评估性别差异，按运动类型研究关联，并调查这些关联是否会延续到青年期。
高中阶段的参与者在五年内报告团队运动参与情况、吸烟状况和饮酒频率，高中毕业后三年的参与者报告相同行为以及大麻使用情况。
考虑个体聚类的回归分析显示，高中时期参与团队运动与男性当前吸烟可能性增加以及青少年时期男女饮酒频率增加有关。这些关系在参与足球运动的个体中最为明显。进一步分析表明，高中时期参与团队运动与青年期更频繁暴饮的可能性增加有关；然而，青年期参与团队运动与青年期吸烟和使用大麻可能性降低有关。
总体而言，结果证实青少年时期参与团队运动与青少年时期物质使用呈正相关，且这种关联存在性别差异。然而，青年期参与团队运动与有害物质使用呈负相关。需要进一步研究以了解这些趋势是否适用于白人青少年和青年以外的人群。
