Ujunwa F A, Ujuanbi I S, Chinawa J M
National Cardiothoracic Center of Excellence UNTH Ituku/Ozalla Enugu and University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Center, Yenegoa, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2021 Jan;24(1):100-103. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_134_20.
Complex cardiac anomalies are a set of associated heart structural anomalies requiring some adaptive mechanism to maintain life.
This is to determine pattern and prevalence of common complex cardiac anomalies among children presenting for cardiac surgery in Enugu.
The children that present for cardiac surgery in our center over a six-month period were admitted and rescreened using a standardized echocardiographic method, information on biodata, oxygen saturation and 2D echo diagnosis were recorded in a proforma.
A hundred and one (101) children with different structural heart diseases presented for cardiac surgery, 53 females and 48 males, 99 (98%) had congenital heart defects (49 cyanotic and 50 acyanotic). Complex cardiac anomalies were noted among 49 and 50 were non-complex, 6 (12.2%) acyanotic, and 43 (87.8%) cyanotic complex P < 0.01. This was noted among 21 females and 28 males. Children less than 3 years had 31 cases (63.3%) of the complex heart diseases while children between 5 years to 18 years had 14 (28.6%). The top three complex congenital heart disease were complex Tetralogy of Fallot which was found among 26 (53%) subjects. Tricuspid atresia and Truncus arteriosus were found in 3 children with congenial heart disease each, Shone complex was found in a child, Hypoplastic left heart syndrome was also noted in a child.
The incidence of complex congenital heart diseases among prospective Paediatric cardiac surgery patients is high. Efforts should be made to improve access to preventive cardiology in order to curb these diseases.
复杂心脏畸形是一组相关的心脏结构异常，需要某种适应性机制来维持生命。
本研究旨在确定在埃努古接受心脏手术的儿童中常见复杂心脏畸形的模式和患病率。
对在我们中心六个月内接受心脏手术的儿童进行入院治疗，并使用标准化超声心动图方法重新筛查，在表格中记录有关生物数据、血氧饱和度和二维超声心动图诊断的信息。
101名患有不同结构性心脏病的儿童接受了心脏手术，其中53名女性和48名男性，99名（98%）患有先天性心脏病（49名青紫型和50名非青紫型）。49名患有复杂心脏畸形，50名是非复杂心脏畸形，6名（12.2%）非青紫型，43名（87.8%）青紫型复杂心脏畸形，P<0.01。在21名女性和28名男性中发现了这种情况。3岁以下儿童中有31例（63.3%）患有复杂心脏病，而5岁至18岁的儿童中有14例（28.6%）。最常见的三种复杂先天性心脏病是法洛四联症，在26名（53%）受试者中发现。三尖瓣闭锁和永存动脉干在3名先天性心脏病儿童中各有发现，一名儿童患有绍恩综合征，一名儿童还患有左心发育不全综合征。
未来儿科心脏手术患者中复杂先天性心脏病的发病率很高。应努力改善预防心脏病学的可及性，以控制这些疾病。
