Taha Rania A, Allam Mai A, Hassan S A M, Bakr Basem M M, Hassan Mona M
Tissue Culture Technique Lab., Pomology Department, Agriculture and Biology Research Division and Central Laboratories Network, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Elbohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, (Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences) National Research Centre, 33 Elbohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2021 Jan 20;19(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s43141-021-00115-4.
Inflorescence explants of date palm proved to be a promising tool for micropropagation of elite cultivars or rare males and females as organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis could be achieved. These plant materials are abundantly available every year and can be used as cheap and potent explants. Nevertheless, many difficulties could be faced in this protocol according to selection of the spathe size and age, media components, growth regulators, etc. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of various cytokinins on direct organs induction of three date palm cultivars (Selmi, Barhee, and Medjool) from immature inflorescence. An additional objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cytokinins and auxins on growth and development of Medjool cultivar.
Various combinations of cytokinins were investigated on three date palm inflorescences as N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2iP), kinetin, benzyleadenine (BA), and thidiazuron (N-phenyl-N'-1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl urea) (TDZ). TDZ alone or in combination with BA proved to be superior for direct organogenesis in all three cultivars so that another combination of TDZ with BA was conducted. Results showed that moderate concentration of BA, with TDZ, gave superior response. Medjool cultivar response surpassed other two cultivars that made the possibility to conduct some growth regulators treatments on its multiplication and regeneration. TDZ at 0.5 + BA at 1.0 mg/l without activated charcoal seemed to enhance multiplication rate. Medium containing 0.5 mg/l of both naphthaleneacetic acid and indole butyric acid in addition to 1.0 mg/l indole acetic acid appeared to be more suitable for rooting stage of Medjool shootlets.
In this study, we created an innovation sequence of growth regulators included in nutrient media for date palm direct organogenesis from inflorescence. Organogenesis has been accelerated from immature inflorescence explants and developed to healthy plantlets which acclimatized in greenhouse.
枣椰树的花序外植体被证明是微繁殖优良品种或珍稀雄株和雌株的一种有前景的工具，因为可以实现器官发生和体细胞胚胎发生。这些植物材料每年都大量可得，并且可以用作廉价且有效的外植体。然而，根据佛焰苞的大小和年龄、培养基成分、生长调节剂等的选择，在该方案中可能会面临许多困难。本研究的目的是确定各种细胞分裂素对从未成熟花序诱导三个枣椰树品种（塞尔米、巴尔希和美姬珠）直接器官的影响。本研究的另一个目的是研究细胞分裂素和生长素对美姬珠品种生长和发育的影响。
研究了细胞分裂素的各种组合对三个枣椰树花序的作用，这些细胞分裂素包括N6-(2-异戊烯基)腺嘌呤（2iP）、激动素、苄基腺嘌呤（BA）和噻二唑素（N-苯基-N'-1,2,3-噻二唑-5-基脲）（TDZ）。单独使用TDZ或与BA组合使用在所有三个品种中都被证明对直接器官发生具有优越性，因此进行了TDZ与BA的另一种组合。结果表明，BA与TDZ的适度浓度组合产生了更好的反应。美姬珠品种的反应超过了其他两个品种，这使得对其增殖和再生进行一些生长调节剂处理成为可能。不含活性炭的0.5 mg/l TDZ和1.0 mg/l BA似乎提高了增殖率。除了1.0 mg/l吲哚乙酸外，含有0.5 mg/l萘乙酸和吲哚丁酸的培养基似乎更适合美姬珠幼苗的生根阶段。
在本研究中，我们为枣椰树从花序直接器官发生创建了一种包含在营养培养基中的生长调节剂创新序列。从未成熟花序外植体加速了器官发生，并发育成在温室中适应环境的健康植株。
