Ustinova Marina I, Mikheeva Maria M, Shilov Gennadii V, Dremova Nadezhda N, Frolova Lyubov, Stevenson Keith J, Aldoshin Sergey M, Troshin Pavel A
Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel st. 3, 143026 Moscow, Russia.
Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCP RAS), Semenov av. 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021 Feb 3;13(4):5184-5194. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c18061. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
All-inorganic lead halide perovskites, for example, CsPbI, are becoming more attractive for applications as light absorbers in perovskite solar cells because of higher thermal and photochemical stability as compared to their hybrid analogues. However, a specific drawback of the CsPbI absorber consists of the rapid phase transition from black to yellow nonphotoactive phase at low temperatures (e.g., <100 °C), which is accelerated under exposure to light. Herein, an experimental screening of an unprecedently large series (>30) of metal cations in a wide range of concentration has allowed us to establish a set of Pb substitutes, facilitating the crystallization of the photoactive black CsPbI phase at low temperatures. Importantly, the appropriate Pb substitution with Ca, Sr, Ce, Nd, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Yb, Lu, and Pt cations has led to a spectacular enhancement of the film stability under realistic solar cell operation conditions (∼1 sun equivalent light exposure, 50 °C). Optoelectronic, structural, and morphological effects of partial Pb substitution were investigated, providing a deeper insight into the processes underlying the stabilization of the CsPbI films. Several CsPbMI systems were evaluated as absorber materials in perovskite solar cells, demonstrating encouraging light power conversion efficiency of 11.4% in preliminary experiments. The obtained results feature the potential of designing efficient and stable all-inorganic perovskite solar cells using novel absorber materials rationally designed via compositional engineering.
例如，全无机铅卤化物钙钛矿CsPbI，由于与其混合类似物相比具有更高的热稳定性和光化学稳定性，在钙钛矿太阳能电池中作为光吸收剂的应用正变得更具吸引力。然而，CsPbI吸收剂的一个特定缺点是在低温（例如，<100°C）下会从黑色快速转变为黄色非光活性相，并且在光照下这种转变会加速。在此，对一系列前所未有的大量（>30种）不同浓度的金属阳离子进行实验筛选，使我们能够确定一组铅替代物，有助于在低温下结晶出光活性黑色CsPbI相。重要的是，用Ca、Sr、Ce、Nd、Gd、Tb、Dy、Er、Yb、Lu和Pt阳离子进行适当的铅替代，在实际太阳能电池运行条件（相当于1个太阳的光照，50°C）下显著提高了薄膜的稳定性。研究了部分铅替代的光电、结构和形态效应，更深入地了解了CsPbI薄膜稳定化的潜在过程。在钙钛矿太阳能电池中评估了几种CsPbMI体系作为吸收材料，在初步实验中显示出令人鼓舞的11.4%的光功率转换效率。所得结果表明，通过成分工程合理设计新型吸收材料，具有设计高效稳定的全无机钙钛矿太阳能电池的潜力。
