Auxtero Maria D, Chalante Susana, Abade Mário R, Jorge Rui, Fernandes Ana I
CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal.
Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, Quinta do Galinheiro, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Jan 19;13(1):124. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010124.
Late-life mild cognitive impairment and dementia represent a significant burden on healthcare systems and a unique challenge to medicine due to the currently limited treatment options. Plant phytochemicals have been considered in alternative, or complementary, prevention and treatment strategies. Herbals are consumed as such, or as food supplements, whose consumption has recently increased. However, these products are not exempt from adverse effects and pharmacological interactions, presenting a special risk in aged, polymedicated individuals. Understanding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions is warranted to avoid undesirable adverse drug reactions, which may result in unwanted side-effects or therapeutic failure. The present study reviews the potential interactions between selected bioactive compounds (170) used by seniors for cognitive enhancement and representative drugs of 10 pharmacotherapeutic classes commonly prescribed to the middle-aged adults, often multimorbid and polymedicated, to anticipate and prevent risks arising from their co-administration. A literature review was conducted to identify mutual targets affected (inhibition/induction/substrate), the frequency of which was taken as a measure of potential interaction. Although a limited number of drugs were studied, from this work, interaction with other drugs affecting the same targets may be anticipated and prevented, constituting a valuable tool for healthcare professionals in clinical practice.
晚年轻度认知障碍和痴呆给医疗系统带来了沉重负担，并且由于目前治疗选择有限，对医学而言也是一项独特挑战。植物化学物质已被纳入替代或补充性预防和治疗策略中加以考量。草药既可以原样食用，也可以作为食品补充剂食用，最近其消费量有所增加。然而，这些产品并非没有不良反应和药物相互作用，在老年、多种药物并用的个体中存在特殊风险。有必要了解药代动力学和药效学相互作用，以避免不良药物反应，这些反应可能导致不良副作用或治疗失败。本研究回顾了老年人用于增强认知的特定生物活性化合物（170种）与通常开给中年成年人（通常患有多种疾病且多种药物并用）的10类药物治疗类别中的代表性药物之间的潜在相互作用，以预测和预防联合用药产生的风险。进行了一项文献综述，以确定受影响的共同靶点（抑制/诱导/底物），其出现频率被用作潜在相互作用的衡量标准。尽管研究的药物数量有限，但从这项工作中，可以预测和预防与影响相同靶点的其他药物的相互作用，这对临床实践中的医疗专业人员而言是一个有价值的工具。
