Yan-Guang Yang, Jing-Yi Chen, Xiao-Wu Pang, Meng-Lu Shen, Su-Yong Yang, Ding Xu, Ke Xiao, Tian-Yuan Wang, Jia-Bin Wang, Dong Zhu
Wushu College, Shanghai University of Sport, 200438, Shanghai, China.
School of Sport Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, 200438, Shanghai, China.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2021 Jan 21;13(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s13102-021-00234-y.
HIIT has recently been widely used for health promotion in healthy people and patients with chronic diseases. Exercise can help SUD reduce drug cravings, enhance mental health and return to normal life. However, whether HIIT can bring better physical rehabilitation benefits to individuals with SUD than MICT is unclear. The study aimed to compare the effects of HIIT versus MICT on the physical fitness of individuals with SUD.
One hundred twenty individuals with amphetamine-type stimulant dependence voluntarily participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to the HIIT group and MICT group. Both groups received training three times a week. The intervention lasted from January 2019 to December 2019. Physical fitness was assessed at the baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months, including blood pressure (BP), vital capacity(VC), hand grip, push-up, sit-and-reach, one-leg standing with eyes closed and choice reaction time. The craving level was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale at baseline, 6 months and 12 months to see any change along with the improvement in physical fitness. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was applied to analyse the differences in change by group (HIIT and MICT) and time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months).
The within-group factor displayed significant changes in the HIIT and MICT groups in terms of systolic BP (F = 12.799, P < 0.001,η2 = 0.204), diastolic BP (F = 9.495, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.16), VC (F = 18.121, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.177), hand grip (F = 34.815, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.293), sit-and-reach (F = 13.871, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.142), push-up (F = 28.805, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.255), one-leg standing with eyes closed (F = 14.495, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.156) and choice reaction time (F = 20.603, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.197). The craving level decreased after 12 months of intervention in both groups (F = 11.25, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.118), but no significant differences in physical fitness and craving level were found in between groups and the interactions of group × time.
After 12 months of intervention, physical fitness improved while craving level decreased in the two groups. These findings suggest that both HIIT and MICT have positive effects on individuals with SUD in terms of physical fitness.
ChiCTR1900022158 Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: Registered 27th March, 2019.
高强度间歇训练（HIIT）最近已广泛应用于健康人群和慢性病患者的健康促进。运动有助于药物使用障碍（SUD）患者减少对药物的渴望，增强心理健康并回归正常生活。然而，与中等强度持续训练（MICT）相比，HIIT是否能给SUD患者带来更好的身体康复益处尚不清楚。本研究旨在比较HIIT与MICT对SUD患者身体素质的影响。
120名苯丙胺类兴奋剂依赖者自愿参与本研究。他们被随机分配到HIIT组和MICT组。两组均每周接受三次训练。干预从2019年1月持续至2019年12月。在基线、3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月时评估身体素质，包括血压（BP）、肺活量（VC）、握力、俯卧撑、坐位体前屈、闭眼单腿站立和选择反应时间。在基线、6个月和12个月时使用视觉模拟量表评估渴望程度，以观察其随身体素质改善的变化情况。采用双向重复测量方差分析来分析组（HIIT和MICT）和时间（基线、3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月）变化的差异。
组内因素显示，HIIT组和MICT组在收缩压（F = 12.799，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.204）、舒张压（F = 9.495，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.16）、肺活量（F = 18.121，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.177）、握力（F = 34.815，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.293）、坐位体前屈（F = 13.871，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.142）、俯卧撑（F = 28.805，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.255）、闭眼单腿站立（F = 14.495，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.156）和选择反应时间（F = 20.603，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.197）方面有显著变化。两组在干预12个月后渴望程度均降低（F = 11.25，P < 0.001，η2 = 0.118），但组间以及组×时间的交互作用在身体素质和渴望程度方面均未发现显著差异。
经过12个月的干预，两组患者身体素质均得到改善，渴望程度降低。这些发现表明，HIIT和MICT对SUD患者的身体素质均有积极影响。
中国临床试验注册中心：ChiCTR1900022158，于2019年3月27日注册。
