Department of Human Kinetics, University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 26;18(4):e0283861. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283861. eCollection 2023.
Substance use disorder is a worldwide issue that entails negative health and physical activity is a promising complementary therapy for alleviating the consequences. The objective of this reviews is to characterize physical activity interventions offered in the literature and explore their effects during treatment for people with substance use disorders with excluding studies focusing only on tobacco use. A systematic search of seven databases on articles including a physical activity intervention during a treatment for substance use disorder was done and an examination of the presence of bias was performed. A total of 43 articles including 3135 participants were identified. Most studies were randomized controlled trial (81%), followed by pre-post design (14%) and cohort studies (5%). The most common physical activity intervention identified was of moderate intensity, 3 times per week (≈ 1 hour) for 13 weeks. Cessation/reduction of substance use was the most studied outcome (21 studies, 49%), and 75% showed a decrease in substance use following physical activity intervention. Aerobic capacity was the second most studied effect (14 studies, 33%), with more than 71% of studies showing improvement. Twelve studies (28%) reported a decrease of depressive symptoms. Physical activity interventions in a treatment for substance use disorder seem to be a promising, but more methodologically rigorous scientific studies are needed.
物质使用障碍是一个全球性问题，会对健康产生负面影响，而身体活动是一种有前途的补充疗法，可以缓解其后果。本综述的目的是描述文献中提供的身体活动干预措施，并探讨其在治疗物质使用障碍患者中的效果，但不包括仅关注烟草使用的研究。对七篇数据库中的文章进行了系统检索，包括物质使用障碍治疗期间的身体活动干预措施，并对偏倚的存在进行了检查。共确定了 43 篇文章，包括 3135 名参与者。大多数研究是随机对照试验（81%），其次是前后设计（14%）和队列研究（5%）。最常见的身体活动干预措施是中等强度的活动，每周 3 次（约 1 小时），持续 13 周。停止/减少物质使用是研究最多的结果（21 项研究，占 49%），75%的研究显示身体活动干预后物质使用减少。有氧能力是第二个最受研究的效果（14 项研究，占 33%），超过 71%的研究显示有改善。12 项研究（28%）报告抑郁症状减轻。物质使用障碍治疗中的身体活动干预似乎很有前途，但需要更多方法严谨的科学研究。
