Hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobinuric renal failure after recreational use of cocaine.

A patient had hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobinuric renal failure after the recreational use of cocaine. We attribute this to the pyrogenic properties of cocaine and environmental factors. The use of cocaine during summer months or in areas with high ambient temperatures should alert physicians to the development of hyperthermia with or without seizures. Prompt recognition of the ensuing complications including mixed metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and renal failure can result in appropriate and effective treatment.