Precontoured Locking Compression Plate with Titanium Alloy Cable System: In Treatment of Neer Type IIb Distal Clavicle Fracture.

OBJECTIVE

To describe a new method which involves anatomical distal clavicle plate fixation and titanium alloy cable system-augmented coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction to manage Neer type IIb distal clavicle fracture.

METHODS

Between January 2013 and June 2018, 28 patients with acute Neer type IIb lateral clavicle fracture were treated by a new method - precontoured locking compressive distal clavicular plate fixation of the fracture combined with titanium alloy cable system-augmented reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligament. There were 11 females and 17 males treated in this way. There were 15 cases of the right side and 13 of the left. The mean age of the patients was 48.5 years (range, 18-78 years). The mean time from injury to surgery was 3.9 days (range, 1-7 days). After completing the preoperative examinations and evaluations, surgeries were performed for all these patients, anatomical distal clavicle plates were used for fractures, and titanium alloy cables were implanted for the augmented reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligaments. Postoperative protocols, including arm sling management and rehabilitative activities, were unified and recommended to all the patients. These patients were followed up for at least 1 year. The mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 23.3 months (range, 12-52 months). At the last follow-up, the coracoclavicular distances were recorded and shoulder functional outcomes were assessed by the Constant scores and the Fudan University Shoulder Scores (FUSSs) questionnaires.

RESULTS

Radiographic bony unions were achieved in all patients within 20 weeks. Functional and radiographic outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. The mean coracoclavicular distance was 9.61 ± 0.61 mm on the injured side vs 9.62 ± 0.57 mm on the contralateral uninjured side. The mean Constant score and mean FUSS were 90.1 ± 6.6 (range, 68-98) and 86.1 ± 7.2 (range, 64-95) respectively, which indicating good restoration of function and high level of satisfaction for both the patients and their physical therapists. There were a few major complications, including one delayed healing of the skin, one severe shoulder stiffness, three incidences of moderate shoulder stiffness, and five incidences of symptomatic hardware. There is no deep infections, neurovascular injuried, delayed union or nonunion, peri-implant fracture, loss of reduction, implant malposition or failure, or other severe complications.

CONCLUSION

This combined method for the treatment of Neer type IIb distal clavicle fracture could yield high bony union rate, good functional outcome, and low complication rate. Further prospective randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the benefits of this method of treatment.